Toxicity and Biocompatibility of Nanomaterials: In Vivo Studies Publisher



Darbasizadeh B¹ ; Feyzibarnaji B² ; Naderi N³
Source: Emerging Nanomaterials and Nano-based Drug Delivery Approaches to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance Published:2022

Abstract

Over the past few years, there has been an increasing interest to demand nano-structured based materials in biomedicine. Various types of nanostructures such as metal-based, lipid-based, polymer-based have been extensively utilized. The small size associated with unique physical and chemical properties of nanomaterials make them advantageous for drug delivery, designing diagnostic platforms and tissue engineering applications. However, potential adverse effects and toxicity of the nanomaterials are needed to be investigated. Understanding the factors which affects the biocompatibility and toxicity of the nanomaterials would be beneficial to develop the safety guidelines of nanoparticles manipulation. In this chapter the toxicity of the metal-based, polymer-based, lipid-based and carbon based nanoparticulate materials will be discussed. In the next step, in order to understand the behavior of nanomaterials in various contexts, biocompatibility of these structures will be studied. For this purpose, the thrombotic response that could be induced by nanomaterials will be discussed as hemocompatibility. Nanomaterials could potentially affect the adjacent tissue; therefore, the histocompatibility of these materials will be studied. Finally, in order to perceive the immune response of the body against the nanomaterials, the immunocompatibility of the various nanomaterials will be introduced. © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.