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Circulating Plasma Fatty Acids and Risk of Pancreatic Cancer: Results From the Golestan Cohort Study Publisher Pubmed



Ghamarzad Shishavan N1 ; Mohamadkhani A2 ; Ghajarieh Sepanlou S1 ; Masoudi S1 ; Sharafkhah M1 ; Poustchi H1 ; Hekmatdoost A3 ; Pourshams A1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Departments of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Clinical Nutrition Published:2021


Abstract

Background & aims: Pancreatic cancer (PC) with a dismal prognosis is considered as a fatal malignancy, attracting the scientists’ attention to study its causes and pathogenesis pathways. Given the lack of enough evidence and conflicting findings about the association of PC risk with plasma fatty acids, we aimed to explore the associations of circulating plasma fatty acids with the risk of PC in a cohort study. Methods: From about 50,000 subjects participated in this cohort study in 2004–2008, fifty incident cases of PC were recruited and 150 controls matched by age, sex and residence place (urban/rural) were randomly selected. The plasma fatty acids composition was measured by gas chromatography with Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) in plasma samples collected at the baseline of cohort study. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to estimate OR (with 95% CI) of PC risk associated with plasma levels of fatty acids considering known potential risk factors for PC. Results: Our findings showed that total saturated fatty acids and total industrial trans fats were not associated with the risk of PC; whereas, statistically significant inverse associations were found between high plasma levels of total mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), omega-3 and ruminant trans fatty acids with the risk of PC [ORQ1-Q4 = 0.31 (0.11–0.89), OR Q2-Q1 = 0.30 (0.10–0.91) and ORQ2-Q1 = 0.15 (0.04–0.49), respectively]. Omega-6 fatty acids especially high plasma levels of Arachidonic acid was positively associated with the risk of PC [ORQ1-Q3 = 11.07 (3.50–35.02)]. Conclusion: Except for the plasma circulating whole fats, the levels of different classes of fats may significantly change pancreatic cancer susceptibility. Unsaturated fatty acids including omega-3-PUFA and MUFA are considered as protective biomarkers in PC prevention. On the contrary, omega-6-fatty acids are positively associated with the risk of PC. © 2020
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