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Osteogenic Potential of Stem Cells-Seeded Bioactive Nanocomposite Scaffolds: A Comparative Study Between Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived From Bone, Umbilical Cord Wharton's Jelly, and Adipose Tissue Publisher Pubmed



Kargozar S1, 2 ; Mozafari M3, 4 ; Hashemian SJ5, 6 ; Brouki Milan P3, 4 ; Hamzehlou S7 ; Soleimani M4, 8 ; Joghataei MT4, 8 ; Gholipourmalekabadi M3, 9 ; Korourian A4 ; Mousavizadeh K4, 10 ; Seifalian AM11
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. National Cell Bank, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Cellular and Molecular Research Center (CMRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  9. 9. Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Centre, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
  10. 10. Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  11. 11. Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom

Source: Journal of Biomedical Materials Research - Part B Applied Biomaterials Published:2018


Abstract

Bone regeneration is considered as an unmet clinical need, the aim of this study is to investigate the osteogenic potential of three different mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from human bone marrow (BM-MSCs), umbilical cord Wharton's jelly (UC-MSCs), and adipose (AD-MSCs) seeded on a recently developed nanocomposite scaffold (bioactive glass/gelatin) implanted in rat animal models with critical size calvarial defects. In this study, after isolation, culture, and characterization, the MSCs were expanded and seeded on the scaffolds for in vitro and in vivo studies. The adhesion, proliferation, and viability of the cells on the scaffolds evaluated in vitro, showed that the scaffolds were biocompatible for further examinations. In order to evaluate the scaffolds in vivo, rat animal models with critical size calvarial defects were randomly categorized in four groups and treated with the scaffolds. The animals were sacrificed at the time points of 4 and 12 weeks of post-implantation, bone healing process were investigated. The histological and immunohistological observations showed (p < 0.01) higher osteogenesis capacity in the group treated with BM-MSCs/scaffolds compared to the other groups. However, the formation of new angiogenesis was evidently higher in the defects filled with UC-MSCs/scaffolds. This preliminary study provides promising data for further clinical trials. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 61–72, 2018. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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