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Recent Advances in Glioma Cancer Treatment: Conventional and Epigenetic Realms Publisher



Karami Fath M1 ; Babakhaniyan K2 ; Anjomrooz M3 ; Jalalifar M4 ; Alizadeh SD4 ; Pourghasem Z5 ; Abbasi Oshagh P6 ; Azargoonjahromi A7 ; Almasi F8 ; Manzoor HZ9 ; Khalesi B10 ; Pourzardosht N11 ; Khalili S12 ; Payandeh Z13
Authors
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, 1571914911, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1996713883, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Radiology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1411713135, Iran
  4. 4. Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, 7616914115, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University of Lahijan, Gilan, 4416939515, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Malayer University, Malayer, 6571995863, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, 7417773539, Iran
  8. 8. Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Lab, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1411734115, Iran
  9. 9. Experimental and Translational Medicine, University of Insubria, Via jean Henry Dunant 3, Varese, 21100, Italy
  10. 10. Department of Research and Production of Poultry Viral Vaccine, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, 3197619751, Iran
  11. 11. Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, 4193713111, Iran
  12. 12. Department of Biology Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, 1678815811, Iran
  13. 13. Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division Medical Inflammation Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, SE-17177, Sweden

Source: Vaccines Published:2022


Abstract

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most typical and aggressive form of primary brain tumor in adults, with a poor prognosis. Successful glioma treatment is hampered by ineffective medication distribution across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the emergence of drug resistance. Although a few FDA-approved multimodal treatments are available for glioblastoma, most patients still have poor prognoses. Targeting epigenetic variables, immunotherapy, gene therapy, and different vaccine- and peptide-based treatments are some innovative approaches to improve anti-glioma treatment efficacy. Following the identification of lymphatics in the central nervous system, immunotherapy offers a potential method with the potency to permeate the blood-brain barrier. This review will discuss the rationale, tactics, benefits, and drawbacks of current glioma therapy options in clinical and preclinical investigations. © 2022 by the authors.
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