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Cazno-Based Nanoghosts for the Detection of Ssdna, Pcrispr and Recombinant Sars-Cov-2 Spike Antigen and Targeted Delivery of Doxorubicin Publisher Pubmed



Rabiee N1, 2, 3 ; Akhavan O1 ; Fatahi Y4, 5 ; Ghadiri AM6 ; Kiani M6 ; Makvandi P7 ; Rabiee M8 ; Nicknam MH9, 10 ; Saeb MR11 ; Varma RS12 ; Ashrafizadeh M13 ; Zare EN14 ; Sharifi E15 ; Lima EC16
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box 11155-9161, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, 2109, NSW, Australia
  3. 3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, 37673, Gyeongbuk, South Korea
  4. 4. Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Centre for Materials Interfaces, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, Pontedera, 56025, Pisa, Italy
  8. 8. Biomaterial Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
  9. 9. Molecular Immunology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  10. 10. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  11. 11. Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12, Gdansk, 80-233, Poland
  12. 12. Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, Olomouc, 783 71, Czech Republic
  13. 13. Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Universite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanli, Tuzla, Istanbul, 34956, Turkey
  14. 14. School of Chemistry, Damghan University, Damghan, 36716-41167, Iran
  15. 15. Department of Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, 6517838736, Iran
  16. 16. Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), RS, Porto Alegre, Brazil

Source: Chemosphere Published:2022


Abstract

Overexpression of proteins/antigens and other gene-related sequences in the bodies could lead to significant mutations and refractory diseases. Detection and identification of assorted trace concentrations of such proteins/antigens and/or gene-related sequences remain challenging, affecting different pathogens and making viruses stronger. Correspondingly, coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) mutations/alterations and spread could lead to overexpression of ssDNA and the related antigens in the population and brisk activity in gene-editing technologies in the treatment/detection may lead to the presence of pCRISPR in the blood. Therefore, the detection and evaluation of their trace concentrations are of critical importance. CaZnO-based nanoghosts (NGs) were synthesized with the assistance of a high-gravity technique at a 1,800 MHz field, capitalizing on the use of Rosmarinus officinalis leaf extract as the templating agent. A complete chemical, physical and biological investigation revealed that the synthesized NGs presented similar morphological features to the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), resulting in excellent biocompatibility, interaction with ssDNA- and/or pCRISPR-surface, through various chemical and physical mechanisms. This comprise the unprecedented synthesis of a fully inorganic nanostructure with behavior that is similar to MSCs. Furthermore, the endowed exceptional ability of inorganic NGs for detective sensing/folding of ssDNA and pCRISPR and recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen (RSCSA), along with in-situ hydrogen peroxide detection on the HEK-293 and HeLa cell lines, was discerned. On average, they displayed a high drug loading capacity of 55%, and the acceptable internalizations inside the HT-29 cell lines affirmed the anticipated MSCs-like behavior of these inorganic-NGs. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd
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