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Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticle Reinforced Pumpkin-Derived Nanostructured Cellulose Scaffold for Enhanced Bone Regeneration Publisher Pubmed



Hosseini SF1, 2, 3 ; Galefi A1, 2 ; Hosseini S2 ; Shaabani A4 ; Farrokhi N1 ; Jahanfar M1 ; Nourany M2, 5 ; Homaeigohar S6 ; Alipour A2, 7 ; Shahsavarani H1, 2, 8
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983969411, Iran
  2. 2. Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Biomedical Innovations, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran
  3. 3. Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Polymer and Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, GC, Tehran, 1983969411, Iran
  5. 5. Faculty of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 4HN, United Kingdom
  7. 7. Department of Nanobiotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, 13169-43551, Iran
  8. 8. Iranian Biological Resource Center, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran

Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules Published:2024


Abstract

Considering global surge in bone fracture prevalence, limitation in use of traditional healing approaches like bone grafts highlights the need for innovative regenerative strategies. Here, a novel green fabrication approach has reported for reinforcement of physicochemical performances of sustainable bioinspired extracellular matrix (ECM) based on decellularized pumpkin tissue coated with Magnesium oxide nanoparticles (hereafter called DM-Pumpkin) for enhanced bone regeneration. Compared to uncoated scaffold, DM-Pumpkin exhibited significantly improved surface roughness, mechanical stiffness, porosity, hydrophilicity, swelling, and biodegradation rate. Obtained nanoporous structure provides an ideal three-dimensional microenvironment for the attachment, migration and osteo-induction in human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (h- AdMSCs). Calcium deposition and mineralization, alkaline phosphatase activity, and SEM imaging of the cells as well as increased expression of bone-related genes after 21 days incubation confirmed capability of DM-Pumpkin in mimicking the biological properties of bone tissue. The presence of MgONPs had a silencing effect on inflammatory factors and improved wound closure, verified by in vivo studies. Increased expression of collagen type I and osteocalcin in the h- AdMSCs cultured on DM-Pumpkin compared to control further corroborated gained results. Altogether, boosting physicochemical and biological properties of DM-Pumpkin due to surface modification is a promising approach for guided bone regeneration. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.
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