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Effects of Zinc Supplementation on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Publisher Pubmed



Khazdouz M1 ; Djalalinia S2, 3 ; Sarrafi Zadeh S4 ; Hasani M1 ; Shidfar F1 ; Ataiejafari A4 ; Asayesh H5 ; Zarei M6 ; Gorabi AM7 ; Noroozi M8 ; Qorbani M9, 10
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Development of Research & Technology Center, Deputy of Research and Technology, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Medical Emergencies, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
  7. 7. Department of Basic and Clinical Research, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  9. 9. Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
  10. 10. Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Biological Trace Element Research Published:2020


Abstract

The prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors has been increasing worldwide. The results of reported studies on the effects of zinc supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors are unequivocal. This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was conducted to evaluate the effects of zinc supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors. A systematic search was conducted through international databases (PubMed/Medline, Institute of Scientific Information, and Scopus) until December 2018 to include all randomized controlled trials (RCT), quasi-RCT, and controlled clinical trials which assessed the effect of zinc supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors including lipid profile, glycemic indices, blood pressure, and anthropometric indices. Random- or fixed-effects meta-analysis method was used to estimate the standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). A total of 20 studies were included in the meta-analysis, which included a total of 1141 participants in the intervention group. Meta-analysis showed that zinc supplementation significantly decreased plasma levels of triglyceride (SMD − 0.66, 95% CI − 1.27, − 0.06), very-low-density lipoprotein (SMD − 1.59, 95% CI − 2.86, − 0.31), and total cholesterol (SMD − 0.65, 95% CI − 1.15, − 0.15). Similarly, zinc supplementation significantly decreased fasting blood glucose (SMD − 0.52, 95% CI − 0.96, − 0.07) and HbA1c (SMD − 0.64, 95% CI − 1.27, − 0.02). The effects of zinc supplementation on blood pressure and anthropometric indices were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Zinc supplements had beneficial effects on glycemic indices and lipid profile. Thus, it appeared that zinc supplementation might be associated with a decrease in cardiometabolic risk factors contributing to a reduction in risk of atherosclerosis. © 2019, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
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