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Emerging Immunologic Approaches As Cancer Anti-Angiogenic Therapies Publisher Pubmed



Azimi M1 ; Manavi MS2 ; Afshinpour M3 ; Khorram R4 ; Vafadar R5 ; Rezaeitazangi F6 ; Arabzadeh D7 ; Arabzadeh S7 ; Ebrahimi N8 ; Aref AR9, 10
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran
  2. 2. Otolaryngology Department, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University (SDSU), Brookings, SD, United States
  4. 4. Bone and Joint Diseases Research Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Orthopeadic Surgery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
  7. 7. Xi’an Jaiotong University Medical Campus, Xi’an Jaiotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
  8. 8. Genetics Division, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
  9. 9. Mass General Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
  10. 10. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States

Source: Clinical and Translational Oncology Published:2025


Abstract

Targeting tumor angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels supporting cancer growth and spread, has been an intense focus for therapy development. However, benefits from anti-angiogenic drugs like bevacizumab have been limited by resistance stemming from activation of compensatory pathways. Recent immunotherapy advances have sparked interest in novel immunologic approaches that can induce more durable vascular pruning and overcome limitations of existing angiogenesis inhibitors. This review comprehensively examines these emerging strategies, including modulating tumor-associated macrophages, therapeutic cancer vaccines, engineered nanobodies and T cells, anti-angiogenic cytokines/chemokines, and immunomodulatory drugs like thalidomide analogs. For each approach, the molecular mechanisms, preclinical/clinical data, and potential advantages over conventional drugs are discussed. Innovative therapeutic platforms like nanoparticle delivery systems are explored. Moreover, the importance of combining agents with distinct mechanisms to prevent resistance is evaluated. As tumors hijack angiogenesis for growth, harnessing the immune system’s specificity to disrupt this process represents a promising anti-cancer strategy covered by this review. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Federacion de Sociedades Espanolas de Oncologia (FESEO) 2024.
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