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An Update to Experimental and Clinical Aspects of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Cancer Development: Hopes and Pitfalls Publisher Pubmed



Salmaninejad A1, 2, 3 ; Layeghi SM2 ; Falakian Z4 ; Golestani S5 ; Kobravi S6 ; Talebi S1 ; Yousefi M7
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Laboratory Science, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tehran Azad University, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

Source: Clinical and Experimental Medicine Published:2024


Abstract

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) represent one of the most abundant tumor-infiltrating stromal cells, and their normal function in tumor microenvironment (TME) is to suppress tumor cells by producing cytokines which trigger both direct cell cytotoxicity and antibody-mediated immune response. However, upon prolonged exposure to TME, the classical function of these so-called M1-type TAMs can be converted to another type, “M2-type,” which are recruited by tumor cells so that they promote tumor growth and metastasis. This is the reason why the accumulation of TAMs in TME is correlated with poor prognosis in cancer patients. Both M1- and M2-types have high degree of plasticity, and M2-type cells can be reprogrammed to M1-type for therapeutic purposes. This characteristic introduces TAMs as promising target for developing novel cancer treatments. In addition, inhibition of M2-type cells and blocking their recruitment in TME, as well as their depletion by inducing apoptosis, are other approaches for effective immunotherapy of cancer. In this review, we summarize the potential of TAMs to be targeted for cancer immunotherapy and provide an up-to-date about novel strategies for targeting TAMs. © The Author(s) 2024.
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