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Poly(Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid)(Plga)/Tio2 Nanotube Bioactive Composite As a Novel Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering: In Vitro and in Vivo Studies Publisher Pubmed



Eslami H1 ; Azimi Lisar H2 ; Jafarzadeh Kashi TS3, 4 ; Tahriri M5 ; Ansari M1 ; Rafiei T2 ; Bastami F6 ; Shahinshamsabadi A7 ; Mashhadi Abbas F8 ; Tayebi L5
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Meybod, Yazd, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Dental Biomaterials Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Iranian Tissue Bank and Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, 53233, WI, United States
  6. 6. Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Biologicals Published:2018


Abstract

The aim of this study was to synthesize and characterize novel three-dimensional porous scaffolds made of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)/TiO2 nanotube (TNT) composite microspheres for bone tissue engineering applications. The incorporation of TNT greatly increases mechanical properties of PLGA/TNT microsphere-sintered scaffold. The experimental results exhibit that the PLGA/0.5 wt% TNT scaffold sintered at 100 °C for 3 h showed the best mechanical properties and a proper pore structure for tissue engineering. Biodegradation test ascertained that the weight of both PLGA and PLGA/PLGA/0.5 wt% TiO2 nanotube composites slightly reduced during the first 4 weeks following immersion in SBF solution. Moreover, the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP activity) results represent increased cell viability for PLGA/0.5%TNT composite scaffold in comparison to the control group. In vivo studies show the amount of bone formation for PLGA/TNT was approximately twice of pure PLGA. Vivid histologic images of the newly generated bone on the implants further supported our test results. Eventually, a mathematical model showed that both PLGA and PLGA/TNT scaffolds’ mechanical properties follow an exponential trend with time as their degradation occurs. By a three-dimensional finite element model, a more monotonous distribution of stress was present in the scaffold due to the presence of TNT with a reduction in maximum stress on bone. © 2018 International Alliance for Biological Standardization
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