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Delving Into Revolutionary Sars-Cov-2 Vaccine Approaches: Molecular and Virological Examinations; Principles of Sars-Cov-2 Vaccine Platform; [Adentrandose En Enfoques Revolucionarios De Vacunas Sars-Cov-2: Examenes Moleculares Y Virologicos; Principios De La Plataforma De Vacunas Sars-Cov-2] Publisher



Edalat F1 ; Tabatabaie FH1 ; Moattari A1 ; Letafati A2 ; Sarvari J1 ; Hosseini SY1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Bacteriology & Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Vacunas Published:2024


Abstract

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious illness caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It emerged in 2019 and quickly became a global pandemic, resulting in numerous deaths worldwide. Despite the devastating impact of SARS-CoV-2 on human life, it also spurred the development of advanced vaccine platforms. Within a remarkably short time frame, 11 vaccines have been approved for human use, marking a significant historical achievement. These include mRNA, whole inactivated, recombinant protein, and adenoviral vector platforms. Notably, these new-generation vaccine platforms represent a departure from previously utilized methods and form the backbone of SARS-CoV-2 preventive strategies. In order to enhance the efficacy of vaccines, it is crucial to have a comprehensive understanding of their underlying virological and immunological characteristics. The recent emergence of variant strains, particularly the Omicron variant, has raised doubts regarding the effectiveness of current vaccines and emphasized the need for a universal platform for future vaccinations. This review focuses on discussing various vaccine platforms based on their molecular design, their ability to stimulate the immune system, safety concerns, potential efficacy against viral variants, and prospects for the future. © 2023 Elsevier Espana, S.L.U.
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