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Conductive Biomaterials As Substrates for Neural Stem Cells Differentiation Towards Neuronal Lineage Cells Publisher Pubmed



Farokhi M1 ; Mottaghitalab F2 ; Saeb MR3 ; Shojaei S4, 5 ; Zarrin NK1 ; Thomas S6 ; Ramakrishna S7
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. National Cell Bank of Iran, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran
  2. 2. Nanotechnology Research CentreFaculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14155-6451, Iran
  3. 3. Universite de Lorraine, CentraleSupelec, LMOPS, Metz, F-57000, France
  4. 4. Stem Cells Research CenterTissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran
  6. 6. School of Chemical Sciences, MG University, Kottayam, 686560, Kerala, India
  7. 7. Centre for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore

Source: Macromolecular Bioscience Published:2021


Abstract

The injuries and defects in the central nervous system are the causes of disability and death of an affected person. As of now, there are no clinically available methods to enhance neural structural regeneration and functional recovery of nerve injuries. Recently, some experimental studies claimed that the injuries in brain can be repaired by progenitor or neural stem cells located in the neurogenic sites of adult mammalian brain. Various attempts have been made to construct biomimetic physiological microenvironment for neural stem cells to control their ultimate fate. Conductive materials have been considered as one the best choices for nerve regeneration due to the capacity to mimic the microenvironment of stem cells and regulate the alignment, growth, and differentiation of neural stem cells. The review highlights the use of conductive biomaterials, e.g., polypyrrole, polyaniline, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), multi-walled carbon nanotubes, single-wall carbon nanotubes, graphene, and graphite oxide, for controlling the neural stem cells activities in terms of proliferation and neuronal differentiation. The effects of conductive biomaterials in axon elongation and synapse formation for optimal repair of central nervous system injuries are also discussed. © 2020 Wiley-VCH GmbH
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