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Immobilized Nanoparticles-Mediated Enzyme Therapy; Promising Way Into Clinical Development Publisher



Zangi AR1, 2 ; Amiri A3 ; Borzouee F4 ; Bagherifar R1 ; Pazooki P5 ; Hamishehkar H6 ; Javadzadeh Y7
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  5. 5. Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, 5166-15731, Iran
  7. 7. Biotechnology Research Center, and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, 5166-15731, Iran

Source: Discover Nano Published:2023


Abstract

Enzyme (Enz)-mediated therapy indicated a remarkable effect in the treatment of many human cancers and diseases with an insight into clinical phases. Because of insufficient immobilization (Imb) approach and ineffective carrier, Enz therapeutic exhibits low biological efficacy and bio-physicochemical stability. Although efforts have been made to remove the limitations mentioned in clinical trials, efficient Imb-destabilization and modification of nanoparticles (NPs) remain challenging. NP internalization through insufficient membrane permeability, precise endosomal escape, and endonuclease protection following release are the primary development approaches. In recent years, innovative manipulation of the material for Enz immobilization (EI) fabrication and NP preparation has enabled nanomaterial platforms to improve Enz therapeutic outcomes and provide low-diverse clinical applications. In this review article, we examine recent advances in EI approaches and emerging views and explore the impact of Enz-mediated NPs on clinical therapeutic outcomes with at least diverse effects. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. © 2023, The Author(s).
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