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Inflammatory Microenvironment of Acute Myocardial Infarction Prevents Regeneration of Heart With Stem Cells Therapy Publisher Pubmed



Khodayari S1, 2, 9 ; Khodayari H1, 2, 9 ; Amiri AZ3, 4 ; Eslami M5 ; Farhud D6, 7 ; Hescheler J2, 8 ; Nayernia K2, 6, 9
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Cancer Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. International Stem Cell Academy, Cologne/Dusseldorf, Germany
  3. 3. Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
  4. 4. Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
  5. 5. Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Farhud-Nayernia Group for Genomics Medicine, Farhud Clinic for Medical Genetics, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
  9. 9. International Center for Personalized Medicine, International Stem Cell Academy, (ISCA), Dusseldorf, 40235, Germany

Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry Published:2019


Abstract

Over the past years, the benefits of stem cell therapy approach for treatment of the cardiovascular diseases have been shown through the rebuilding of new cardiomyocytes and blood vessels. while a successful regeneration of the myocardium has been proven on the animal models of acute myocardial injuries resulted from the stem cells transplantation, no significant long-term regenerative with autologous stem cell therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction have been reported based on recent meta-analyses. It seems that the inflammatory microenvironment of acute myocardial infarction has an inhibitory effect on the stem cells potential for regenerating the injured myocardium. Secretion of critical cytokines with pro-inflammatory properties including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6 as well as induction of hypoxic condition and finally formation of cytotoxic elements cause the cellular death and hinder the stem cells proliferation and differentiation. Based on the evidence, application of some approaches like co-delivery of mesenchymal stem cells with the other useful cells, using the stem cells derived productions, administration of preconditioned and modified cells, and also using the anti-inflammatory agents besides the cell therapy are hypothesized as the primary developed safe and practical approaches for decreasing destructive effects of the inflammation on the implanted stem/progenitor cells. In this review, we critically discuss the quiddity of the inflammatory microenvironment and its promoted mechanisms as the main elements to hinder the efficacy of stem cell therapy in the cases of acute myocardial infarction. Also, we finally propose some applied solutions to the problem of cardiac regeneration with stem cells therapy. © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Cell Physiol Biochem Press GmbH&Co. KG
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