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Application of Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Anterior Segment Eye Diseases: A Comprehensive Update Review Publisher Pubmed



Khorraminejad M1, 3 ; Hashemian H3 ; Majdi A2 ; Jadidi K4 ; Aghamollaei H4 ; Hadi A1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Optometry Department, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Optical Techniques Department, College of Health and Medical Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq
  3. 3. Translational Ophthalmology Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Vision Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran

Source: Ocular Surface Published:2025


Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy has emerged as a promising approach for addressing various eye-related conditions. Yet, its clinical application faces challenges due to issues such as limited biocompatibility and difficulties in effectively delivering treatment to specific ocular tissues. Recent studies have shifted attention towards MSC-derived exosomes, which share similar regenerative, reparative, and immunomodulatory capabilities with their origin cells. This review delves into the latest research on the use of MSC-derived exosomes for treating anterior segment diseases of the eye. It explores the exosomes' composition, biological functions, and the methods used for their isolation, as well as their roles in disease progression, diagnosis, and therapy. The review critically assesses the therapeutic advantages and mechanisms of action of MSC-derived exosomes in treating conditions like dry eye disease, Sjogren's syndrome, keratoconus, corneal lesions, and corneal allograft rejection. Additionally, it discusses the obstacles and future prospects of employing MSC-derived exosomes as innovative therapies for anterior segment eye diseases. This comprehensive overview underscores the significant potential of MSC-derived exosomes in transforming the treatment paradigm for anterior segment eye disorders, while also highlighting the necessity for further research to enhance their clinical application. © 2025 Elsevier Inc.
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