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Update on the Global Burden of Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke in 1990-2013: The Gbd 2013 Study Publisher Pubmed



Feigin VL1 ; Krishnamurthi RV1 ; Parmar P1 ; Norrving B3 ; Mensah GA9 ; Bennett DA4 ; Barkercollo S2 ; Moran AE10 ; Sacco RL11 ; Truelsen T5 ; Davis S6 ; Pandian JD8 ; Naghavi M12 ; Forouzanfar MH12 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Feigin VL1
  2. Krishnamurthi RV1
  3. Parmar P1
  4. Norrving B3
  5. Mensah GA9
  6. Bennett DA4
  7. Barkercollo S2
  8. Moran AE10
  9. Sacco RL11
  10. Truelsen T5
  11. Davis S6
  12. Pandian JD8
  13. Naghavi M12
  14. Forouzanfar MH12
  15. Nguyen G13
  16. Johnson CO13
  17. Vos T12
  18. Meretoja A7
  19. Murray CJL12
  20. Roth GA14
  21. Abdallah F15
  22. Abera SF16
  23. Akinyemi RO17
  24. Salman RAS18
  25. Anderson CS19
  26. Bahit MC20
  27. Banerjee A21
  28. Basu S22
  29. Beauchamp NJ23
  30. Bornstein NM24
  31. Brainin M25
  32. Cabral NL26
  33. Camposnonato I27
  34. Caso V28
  35. Catalalopez F29
  36. Chowdhury R30
  37. Christensen HK31
  38. Connor MD18
  39. Deveber G32
  40. Dharmaratne SD33
  41. Dokova K34
  42. Donnan G35
  43. Endres M36
  44. Fernandes JG37
  45. Gankpe F38
  46. Geleijnse JM39
  47. Gillium RF40
  48. Giroud M41
  49. Hamadeh RR42
  50. Hankey GJ43, 44
  51. Jeemon P45
  52. Jonas JB46
  53. Kazi DS47
  54. Kengne AP48
  55. Kim D49
  56. Kissela BM50
  57. Kokubo Y51
  58. Kosen S52
  59. Kravchenko M53
  60. Lavados PM54
  61. Liu M55
  62. Lotufo PA56
  63. Mackay MT57
  64. Malekzadeh R58
  65. Mehndiratta MM59
  66. Melaku YA16
  67. Misganaw A13
  68. Nand D60
  69. Piradov M53
  70. Pourmalek F61
  71. Rojasrueda D62
  72. Roy N63
  73. Sahathevan R64, 65
  74. Sampson UKA9
  75. Shamalov N66
  76. Sheth KN67
  77. Shinohara Y68
  78. Shiue I69
  79. Soljak M70
  80. Sposato LA71
  81. Stroumpoulis K72
  82. Tanne D73
  83. Thrift AG74
  84. Tirschwell DL75
  85. Varakin Y76
  86. Venketasubramanian N77
  87. Vlassov VV78
  88. Wang W79
  89. Westerman R80
  90. Wolfe C81, 82
  91. Yu C83
  92. Yunjin K84
  93. Stavreski B85
  94. Pearse E85
  95. Ademi Z85
  96. Guliyev T86
  97. Harewood H87
  98. Springer K87
  99. Da Costa Leite I88
  100. Lindsay MP89
  101. Riccio PM89
  102. Li B90
  103. Jiang G90
  104. Ma J90
  105. Zhou M90
  106. Zhu S90
  107. Liang X90
  108. Zhang Y90
  109. Alcalacerra G91
  110. Temesgen A92
  111. Sahle BW92
  112. Prabhakaran D93
  113. Gupta R93
  114. Rajagopalan V93
  115. Warouw TS94
  116. Odonnell MJ95
  117. Ricci S96
  118. Asad MM97
  119. Bwire VK98
  120. Jee SH99
  121. Khang YH99
  122. Myint CY100
  123. Norheim O101
  124. Khalifa SE102
  125. De Dieu Ngirabega J103
  126. Nyemazi JP103
  127. Muhimpundu MA103
  128. Saeedi M104
  129. Bedi N104
  130. Havmoeller R105
  131. Atwine L106
  132. Ocallaghan F107
  133. Critchley JA107
  134. Ezzati M107
  135. Rothwell PM107
  136. Whiteley W107
  137. Chen Z107
  138. Colomar M108
  139. Durrani AM109
  140. Dayama A109
  141. Amlielefond C109
  142. Huang C109
  143. Sumeet C109
  144. Cundiff DK109
  145. Qato D109
  146. Kabagambe EK109
  147. Ding E109
  148. Bukhman G109
  149. Kwan G109
  150. Thurston G109
  151. Coresh J109
  152. Lefondulq K109
  153. Corriere MA109
  154. Mainoo N109
  155. Schwartz SM109
  156. Fung T109
  157. Byers TE109
  158. Rocca WA109
  159. Lo W109
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. National Institute for Stroke and Applied Neurosciences, Auckland University of Technology, AUT North Shore Campus, AA254, 90 Akoranga Dr, Northcote 0627, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
  2. 2. Clinical Training Programme, School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
  3. 3. Department of Clinical Sciences, Neurology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
  4. 4. Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
  5. 5. Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
  6. 6. Department of Translational Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
  7. 7. Royal Melbourne Hospital L4C, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
  8. 8. Department of Neurology, Christian Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
  9. 9. Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
  10. 10. Division of General Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
  11. 11. Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
  12. 12. Department of Global Health, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
  13. 13. Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
  14. 14. Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
  15. 15. Department of Neurology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
  16. 16. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mek'ele, Ethiopia
  17. 17. Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Training College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
  18. 18. Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
  19. 19. George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
  20. 20. Cardiology Department, INECO Neurociencias Rosario, Rosario, Sante Fe, Argentina
  21. 21. Farr Institute of Health Informatics Research, University College London, London, United Kingdom
  22. 22. Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
  23. 23. Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
  24. 24. Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
  25. 25. Department of Clinical Neurology, Danube University Krems, Krems, Austria
  26. 26. Joinville Stroke Registry, Clinica Neurologica de Joinville, University of Joinville Region, Brazil
  27. 27. Harvard School of Public Health, Nutrition Department, Boston, MA, United States
  28. 28. Stroke Unit, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
  29. 29. Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERSAM/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
  30. 30. Department of Public Health and Primary Care, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
  31. 31. University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
  32. 32. University of Toronto, Children's Stroke Program, Division of Neurology, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
  33. 33. Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
  34. 34. Department of Social Medicine and Health Care Organization, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
  35. 35. Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, School of Neurology, University of Melbourne, Austin Hospital Campus, Parkville, VIC, Australia
  36. 36. Klinik und Hochschulambulanz fur Neurologie, Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
  37. 37. School of Health Education and Sciences, German Hospital Oswaldo Cruz, Sao Paulo, Brazil
  38. 38. CHU Hassan II, Fez, Morocco
  39. 39. Division of Human Nutrition/Epidemiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
  40. 40. Department of Internal Medicine, Howard University, College of Medicine, WA, United States
  41. 41. Dijon Stroke Registry, Service de Neurologie, Dijon, France
  42. 42. Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
  43. 43. School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
  44. 44. Western Aiustralian Neuroscience Research Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
  45. 45. Centre for Control of Chronic Conditions, Public Health Foundation of India, Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India
  46. 46. Department of Ophthalmology, Medical, Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
  47. 47. UCSF School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
  48. 48. South African Medical Research Council, Parrow Valley, Cape Town, South Africa
  49. 49. Department of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, United States
  50. 50. Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH, United States
  51. 51. Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
  52. 52. Health Economics and Policy Analysis Unit, National Institute of Health Research and Development (NIHRD), Jakarta, Indonesia
  53. 53. Scientific Neurological Center, Moscow, Russian Federation
  54. 54. Servicio de Neurologia, Departamento de Medicina, Clinica Alemana de Santiago-Universidad Del Desarrollo, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
  55. 55. Department of Neurology, Center of Cerebrovascular Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
  56. 56. Universidade de Sao Paulo Medical School, Centre for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
  57. 57. Department of Neurology, Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
  58. 58. Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran
  59. 59. Department of Neurology, Janakpuri Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India
  60. 60. Health Information Unit, Dinem House Toorak, Suva, Fiji
  61. 61. School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
  62. 62. Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology, ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
  63. 63. Environmental Health Resource Hub, School of Habitat Studies, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai, India
  64. 64. UKM Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  65. 65. Calvary Healthcare, Bruce, ACT, Australia
  66. 66. Meditsinskiy Tsentr Gbou VPO Rnimu Im. N.I. Pirogova Minzdrava Rossii, Moscow, Russian Federation
  67. 67. Division of Neurocritical Care and Emergency, Department of Neurology Neurosciences Intensive Care Unit, Yale School of Medicine, Yale New Haven Hospital, United States
  68. 68. Tachikawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
  69. 69. Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
  70. 70. School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
  71. 71. Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, London Health Sciences Centre, Western University, London, ON, Canada
  72. 72. Anesthesiology Department, Alexandra General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
  73. 73. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
  74. 74. Stroke and Ageing Research (STARC), Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
  75. 75. University of Washington School of Medicine, UW Medicine Comprehensive Stroke Center, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, WA, United States
  76. 76. Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russian Federation
  77. 77. Raffles Neuroscience Centre, Raffles Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
  78. 78. National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation
  79. 79. Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing, China
  80. 80. Competence Center Mortality-Follow-Up of the German National Cohort, Federal Institute for Population Research, Wiesbaden, Germany
  81. 81. Division of Health and Social Care Research, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
  82. 82. National Institute for Health Research, Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Guy's and St., Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
  83. 83. Department of Biostatistics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
  84. 84. Faculty of Chinese Medicine Southern Malaysia, Southern University College, Johor, Malaysia
  85. 85. Australia
  86. 86. Azerbaijan
  87. 87. Barbados
  88. 88. Brazil
  89. 89. Canada
  90. 90. China
  91. 91. Colombia
  92. 92. Ethiopia
  93. 93. India
  94. 94. Indonesia
  95. 95. Ireland
  96. 96. Italy
  97. 97. Jordan
  98. 98. Kenya
  99. 99. South Korea
  100. 100. Myanmar
  101. 101. Norway
  102. 102. Qatar
  103. 103. Rwanda
  104. 104. Saudi Arabia
  105. 105. Sweden
  106. 106. Uganda
  107. 107. United Kingdom
  108. 108. Uruguay
  109. 109. United States

Source: Neuroepidemiology Published:2015


Abstract

Background: Global stroke epidemiology is changing rapidly. Although age-standardized rates of stroke mortality have decreased worldwide in the past 2 decades, the absolute numbers of people who have a stroke every year, and live with the consequences of stroke or die from their stroke, are increasing. Regular updates on the current level of stroke burden are important for advancing our knowledge on stroke epidemiology and facilitate organization and planning of evidence-based stroke care. Objectives: This study aims to estimate incidence, prevalence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and years lived with disability (YLDs) and their trends for ischemic stroke (IS) and hemorrhagic stroke (HS) for 188 countries from 1990 to 2013. Methodology: Stroke incidence, prevalence, mortality, DALYs and YLDs were estimated using all available data on mortality and stroke incidence, prevalence and excess mortality. Statistical models and country-level covariate data were employed, and all rates were age-standardized to a global population. All estimates were produced with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). Results: In 2013, there were globally almost 25.7 million stroke survivors (71% with IS), 6.5 million deaths from stroke (51% died from IS), 113 million DALYs due to stroke (58% due to IS) and 10.3 million new strokes (67% IS). Over the 1990-2013 period, there was a significant increase in the absolute number of DALYs due to IS, and of deaths from IS and HS, survivors and incident events for both IS and HS. The preponderance of the burden of stroke continued to reside in developing countries, comprising 75.2% of deaths from stroke and 81.0% of stroke-related DALYs. Globally, the proportional contribution of stroke-related DALYs and deaths due to stroke compared to all diseases increased from 1990 (3.54% (95% UI 3.11-4.00) and 9.66% (95% UI 8.47-10.70), respectively) to 2013 (4.62% (95% UI 4.01-5.30) and 11.75% (95% UI 10.45-13.31), respectively), but there was a diverging trend in developed and developing countries with a significant increase in DALYs and deaths in developing countries, and no measurable change in the proportional contribution of DALYs and deaths from stroke in developed countries. Conclusion: Global stroke burden continues to increase globally. More efficient stroke prevention and management strategies are urgently needed to halt and eventually reverse the stroke pandemic, while universal access to organized stroke services should be a priority. © 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.