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Incorporation of Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials Into Silk Fibroin Nanofibers for Cardiac Tissue Engineering Publisher



Nazari H1, 2 ; Heiranitabasi A1, 2 ; Hajiabbas M2 ; Khalili M1, 2 ; Shahsavari Alavijeh M3 ; Hatamie S4, 5 ; Mahdavi Gorabi A1 ; Esmaeili E2, 4 ; Ahmadi Tafti SH1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Research Center for Advanced Technologies in Cardiovascular Medicine, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Cell Therapy and Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Institute of NanoEngineering and MicroSystems, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan

Source: Polymers for Advanced Technologies Published:2020


Abstract

Mimicking the extracellular matrix to have a similar nanofibrous structure regarding electrical conductivity and mechanical properties would be highly beneficial for cardiac tissue engineering. The molybdenum disulfide, MoS2, and reduced graphene oxide, rGO, nanosheets are two-dimensional nanomaterials which can be considered as great candidates for enhancing the electrical and mechanical properties of biological scaffolds for cardiac tissue engineering applications. In this study, MoS2 and rGO nanosheets were synthesized and incorporated into silk fibroin nanofibers, SF, via electrospinning method. Then, the human iPSCs transfected with TBX-18 gene, TBX18-hiPSCs, were seeded on these scaffolds for in vitro studies. The MoS2 and rGO nanosheets were studied by Raman spectroscopy. After incorporation of the nanosheets into SF nanofibers, the associated characterizations were carried out including scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, water contact angle, and mechanical test. Furthermore, SF, SF/MoS2, and SF/rGO scaffolds were used for in vitro studies. Herein, the scaffolds exhibited acceptable biocompatibility and considerable attachment to TBX18-hiPSCs confirmed by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide, MTT, assay, and scanning electron microscopy. Also, the real-time PCR and immunostaining studies confirmed the maturity and upregulation of cardiac functional genes, including GATA-4, c-TnT, and α-MHC in the SF/MoS2 and SF/rGO scaffolds compared with the bare SF one. Therefore, the reinforcement of these SF-based scaffolds with MoS2 and rGO endues them as a suitable candidate for cardiac tissue engineering. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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