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Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity and Head and Neck Cancer: A Large Case-Control Study in Iran Publisher



Toorang F1, 2 ; Seyyedsalehi MS1, 2 ; Sasanfar B1, 3, 4 ; Rashidian H1 ; Hadji M1, 5 ; Mohebbi E6 ; Safari R7 ; Najefi F7, 8 ; Naghibzadehtahami A9, 10 ; Bofetta P2, 11, 12 ; Zendehdel K1, 2, 13
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Departments of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
  3. 3. Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
  5. 5. Health Sciences Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
  6. 6. Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
  7. 7. Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, School of Public Health, Kermanshah Medical Sciences University, Kermanshah, Iran
  8. 8. Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
  9. 9. Modeling in Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
  10. 10. Health Foresight and Innovation Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
  11. 11. Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
  12. 12. Department of Family, Population and Preventive Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
  13. 13. Cancer Biology Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran

Source: Frontiers in Nutrition Published:2023


Abstract

Background: Data on the association between head and neck cancer (HNC) and dietary factors are inconclusive. No study has so far investigated the association between dietary total antioxidant capacity (dTAC) and HNC concerning interactions with other risk factors. Method: Pathologically confirmed new diagnosed HNC patients were included in this study. The control group was healthy hospital visitors who were frequently matched with patients on age (5 years interval), gender, and province of residence. Trained interviewers administered a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) to assess the participants’ food intake 1 year before the cancer diagnosis. Data on TAC scores of foods was collected by Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and Total Radical-trapping Antioxidant Parameters (TRAP) from published data. We applied logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, energy intake, socioeconomic status, province, opium use, alcohol use, physical activity, and dental health. We also studied the interaction of dTAC with tobacco smoking status, and opium use on the risk of HNC. Results: We recruited 876 HNC patients and 3,409 healthy controls. We observed a significant decrease in the odds of HNC with increasing dTAC scores. The OR of HNC for the third vs. the first tertile was 0.49 (95%CI 0.39–0.61) for FRAP and 0.49 (95%CI 0.39–0.62) for TRAP. Both dTAC scores were inversely associated with lip and oral (T3 ver. T1 OR = 0.51; 95%CI 0.36–0.71 for FRAP and OR = 0.59; 95% CI 0.44–0.82 for TRAP) and larynx (T3 ver. T1 OR = 0.43; 95%CI 0.31–0.61 for FRAP and OR = 0.38; 95% CI 0.26–0.55 for TRAP) cancers. There was no interaction between tobacco smoking, opium use; and TRAP or FRAP on the risk of HNC. Conclusion: An antioxidant-rich diet in terms of FRAP or TRAP could decrease the risk of HNC and its subtypes. Copyright © 2023 Toorang, Seyyedsalehi, Sasanfar, Rashidian, Hadji, Mohebbi, Safari, Najefi, Naghibzadeh-Tahami, Bofetta and Zendehdel.
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