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Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years for 29 Cancer Groups From 2010 to 2019 a Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 Publisher Pubmed



Kocarnik JM1 ; Compton K1 ; Dean FE1 ; Fu W1 ; Gaw BL1 ; Harvey JD1 ; Henrikson HJ2, 3 ; Lu D1 ; Pennini A1 ; Xu R1 ; Ababneh E4 ; Abbasikangevari M5 ; Abbastabar H6 ; Abdelsalam SM7 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Kocarnik JM1
  2. Compton K1
  3. Dean FE1
  4. Fu W1
  5. Gaw BL1
  6. Harvey JD1
  7. Henrikson HJ2, 3
  8. Lu D1
  9. Pennini A1
  10. Xu R1
  11. Ababneh E4
  12. Abbasikangevari M5
  13. Abbastabar H6
  14. Abdelsalam SM7
  15. Abdoli A8
  16. Abedi A9
  17. Abidi H10
  18. Abolhassani H11, 12
  19. Adedeji IA13
  20. Adnani QES14, 15
  21. Advani SM16, 17
  22. Afzal MS18
  23. Aghaali M19
  24. Ahinkorah BO20
  25. Ahmad S21
  26. Ahmad T22
  27. Ahmadi A23, 24
  28. Ahmadi S25
  29. Ahmed Rashid T26
  30. Ahmed Salih Y27, 28
  31. Akalu GT29, 30
  32. Aklilu A31
  33. Akram T32
  34. Akunna CJ33, 34
  35. Al Hamad H35, 36
  36. Alahdab F37
  37. Alaly Z38, 39
  38. Ali S40
  39. Alimohamadi Y41, 42
  40. Alipour V43, 44
  41. Aljunid SM45, 46
  42. Alkhayyat M47
  43. Almasihashiani A48
  44. Almasri NA49
  45. Almaweri SAA50, 51
  46. Almustanyir S52, 53
  47. Alonso N54
  48. Alvisguzman N55, 56
  49. Amu H57
  50. Anbesu EW58
  51. Ancuceanu R59
  52. Ansari F60, 61
  53. Ansarimoghaddam A62
  54. Antwi MH63, 64
  55. Anvari D65, 66
  56. Anyasodor AE67
  57. Aqeel M68
  58. Arabloo J43
  59. Arabzozani M69
  60. Aremu O70
  61. Ariffin H71, 72
  62. Aripov T73, 74
  63. Arshad M75
  64. Artaman A76
  65. Arulappan J77
  66. Asemi Z78
  67. Asghari Jafarabadi M79, 80
  68. Ashraf T81
  69. Atorkey P82, 83
  70. Aujayeb A84
  71. Ausloos M85, 86
  72. Awedew AF87
  73. Ayala Quintanilla BP88, 89
  74. Ayenew T90
  75. Azab MA91
  76. Azadnajafabad S92
  77. Azari Jafari A93
  78. Azarian G94
  79. Azzam AY95
  80. Badiye AD96
  81. Bahadory S97, 98
  82. Baig AA99
  83. Baker JL100
  84. Balakrishnan S101
  85. Banach M102, 103
  86. Barnighausen TW104, 105
  87. Baroneadesi F106
  88. Barra F107
  89. Barrow A108, 109
  90. Behzadifar M110
  91. Belgaumi UI111
  92. Bezabhe WMM112, 113
  93. Bezabih YM114, 115
  94. Bhagat DS116
  95. Bhagavathula AS117, 118
  96. Bhardwaj N119
  97. Bhardwaj P120, 121
  98. Bhaskar S122, 123
  99. Bhattacharyya K124, 125
  100. Bhojaraja VS126
  101. Bibi S127
  102. Bijani A128
  103. Biondi A129
  104. Bisignano C1
  105. Bjorge T130, 131
  106. Bleyer A132, 133
  107. Blyuss O134, 135
  108. Bolarinwa OA136
  109. Bolla SR137
  110. Braithwaite D138, 139
  111. Brar A140
  112. Brenner H141
  113. Bustamanteteixeira MT142
  114. Butt NS143
  115. Butt ZA144, 145
  116. Caetano Dos Santos FL146
  117. Cao Y147
  118. Carreras G148
  119. Catalalopez F149, 150
  120. Cembranel F151
  121. Cerin E152, 153
  122. Cernigliaro A154
  123. Chakinala RC155
  124. Chattu SK156
  125. Chattu VK157, 158
  126. Chaturvedi P159, 160
  127. Chimedochir O161
  128. Cho DY162
  129. Christopher DJ163
  130. Chu DT164
  131. Chung MT165
  132. Conde J166
  133. Cortes S167, 168
  134. Cortesi PA169
  135. Costa VM170
  136. Cunha AR171
  137. Dadras O172, 173
  138. Dagnew AB174
  139. Dahlawi SMA175
  140. Dai X1, 176
  141. Dandona L1, 177, 178
  142. Dandona R1, 176, 177
  143. Darwesh AM179
  144. Das Neves J180, 181
  145. De La Hoz FP182
  146. Demis AB183, 184
  147. Denovagutierrez E185
  148. Dhamnetiya D186
  149. Dhimal ML187, 188
  150. Dhimal M189
  151. Dianatinasab M190, 191
  152. Diaz D192, 193
  153. Djalalinia S194
  154. Do HP195
  155. Doaei S196, 197
  156. Dorostkar F198
  157. Dos Santos Figueiredo FW199
  158. Driscoll TR200
  159. Ebrahimi H201, 202
  160. Eftekharzadeh S203
  161. El Tantawi M204
  162. Elabid H205
  163. Elbarazi I118
  164. Elhabashy HR206
  165. Elhadi M207
  166. Eljaafary SI208
  167. Eshrati B209
  168. Eskandarieh S210
  169. Esmaeilzadeh F211
  170. Etemadi A212
  171. Ezzikouri S213
  172. Faisaluddin M214
  173. Faraon EJA215
  174. Fares J216
  175. Farzadfar F201
  176. Feroze AH217, 218
  177. Ferrero S219
  178. Ferro Desideri L220
  179. Filip I221, 222
  180. Fischer F223
  181. Fisher JL224
  182. Foroutan M225, 226
  183. Fukumoto T227
  184. Gaal PA228, 229
  185. Gad MM230, 231
  186. Gadanya MA232, 233
  187. Gallus S234
  188. Gaspar Fonseca M235
  189. Getachew Obsa A236
  190. Ghafourifard M237
  191. Ghashghaee A43, 238
  192. Ghith N239
  193. Gholamalizadeh M240
  194. Gilani SA241, 242
  195. Ginindza TG243
  196. Gizaw ATT244
  197. Glasbey JC245
  198. Golechha M246
  199. Goleij P247
  200. Gomez RS248
  201. Gopalani SV249, 250
  202. Gorini G251
  203. Goudarzi H252, 253
  204. Grosso G254
  205. Gubari MIM255
  206. Guerra MR142
  207. Guha A256, 257
  208. Gunasekera DS258
  209. Gupta B259
  210. Gupta VB260
  211. Gupta VK261
  212. Gutierrez RA262
  213. Hafezinejad N263, 264
  214. Haider MR265
  215. Hajmirzaian A266, 267
  216. Halwani R268, 269
  217. Hamadeh RR270
  218. Hameed S271
  219. Hamidi S272
  220. Hanif A271
  221. Haque S273
  222. Harlianto NI274, 275
  223. Haro JM276, 277
  224. Hasaballah AI278
  225. Hassanipour S279, 280
  226. Hay RJ281, 282
  227. Hay SI1, 176
  228. Hayat K283, 284
  229. Heidari G285
  230. Heidari M286
  231. Herreraserna BY287
  232. Herteliu C86, 288
  233. Hezam K289, 290
  234. Holla R291
  235. Hossain MM292, 293
  236. Hossain MBH294
  237. Hosseini MS295
  238. Hosseini M42, 296
  239. Hosseinzadeh M297, 298
  240. Hostiuc M299
  241. Hostiuc S300, 301
  242. Househ M302
  243. Hsairi M303
  244. Huang J304
  245. Hugo FN305
  246. Hussain R306
  247. Hussein NR307
  248. Hwang BF308
  249. Iavicoli I309
  250. Ibitoye SE310
  251. Ida F311
  252. Ikuta KS1, 312
  253. Ilesanmi OS313, 314
  254. Ilic IM315
  255. Ilic MD316
  256. Irham LM317, 318
  257. Islam JY319
  258. Islam RM320
  259. Islam SMS321, 322
  260. Ismail NE323
  261. Isola G324
  262. Iwagami M325, 326
  263. Jacob L327, 328
  264. Jain V47
  265. Jakovljevic MB329, 330
  266. Javaheri T331
  267. Jayaram S332
  268. Jazayeri SB333
  269. Jha RP186, 334
  270. Jonas JB335, 336
  271. Joo T228
  272. Joseph N337
  273. Joukar F279, 280
  274. Jurisson M338
  275. Kabir A339
  276. Kahrizi D340
  277. Kalankesh LR341
  278. Kalhor R342, 343
  279. Kaliyadan F344
  280. Kalkonde Y345
  281. Kamath A291
  282. Kameran Alsalihi N347
  283. Kandel H348, 349
  284. Kapoor N97
  285. Karch A350
  286. Kasa AS351
  287. Katikireddi SV352
  288. Kauppila JH353, 354
  289. Kavetskyy T355, 356
  290. Kebede SA357, 698
  291. Keshavarz P358, 359
  292. Keykhaei M201, 360
  293. Khader YS361
  294. Khalilov R362, 363
  295. Khan G364
  296. Khan M365
  297. Khan MN366
  298. Khan MAB367, 368
  299. Khang YH369, 370
  300. Khater AM371
  301. Khayamzadeh M372, 373
  302. Kim GR374
  303. Kim YJ375
  304. Kisa A376, 377
  305. Kisa S378
  306. Kissimovaskarbek K379
  307. Kopec JA380, 381
  308. Koteeswaran R382
  309. Koul PA383
  310. Koulmane Laxminarayana SL384
  311. Koyanagi A385, 386
  312. Kucuk Bicer B387
  313. Kugbey N388
  314. Kumar GA177
  315. Kumar N389
  316. Kumar N389
  317. Kurmi OP390, 391
  318. Kutluk T392
  319. La Vecchia C393
  320. Lami FH394
  321. Landires I395, 396
  322. Lauriola P397
  323. Lee SW398
  324. Lee SWH399, 400
  325. Lee WC401
  326. Lee YH402
  327. Leigh J403
  328. Leong E404
  329. Li J405
  330. Li MC406
  331. Liu X407, 408
  332. Loureiro JA409, 410
  333. Lunevicius R411, 412
  334. Magdy Abd El Razek M413
  335. Majeed A414
  336. Makki A415
  337. Male S416
  338. Malik AA271, 417
  339. Mansournia MA42
  340. Martini S418, 419
  341. Masoumi SZ420
  342. Mathur P421
  343. Mckee M422
  344. Mehrotra R178
  345. Mendoza W423
  346. Menezes RG424
  347. Mengesha EW425
  348. Mesregah MK426
  349. Mestrovic T427, 428
  350. Miao Jonasson J429
  351. Miazgowski B430
  352. Miazgowski T432
  353. Michalek IM433
  354. Miller TR434, 435
  355. Mirzaei H78
  356. Mirzaei HR436
  357. Misra S437
  358. Mithra P337
  359. Moghadaszadeh M438, 439
  360. Mohammad KA440
  361. Mohammad Y441
  362. Mohammadi M442
  363. Mohammadi SM443
  364. Mohammadianhafshejani A22
  365. Mohammed S444, 445
  366. Moka N446, 447
  367. Mokdad AH1, 176
  368. Molokhia M448
  369. Monasta L449
  370. Moni MA450
  371. Moosavi MA451
  372. Moradi Y452
  373. Moraga P453
  374. Morgadodacosta J454
  375. Morrison SD455
  376. Mosapour A456, 457
  377. Mubarik S458
  378. Mwanri L459, 686
  379. Nagarajan AJ460, 461
  380. Nagaraju SP462
  381. Nagata C463
  382. Naimzada MD464, 465
  383. Nangia V466
  384. Naqvi AA467, 468
  385. Narasimha Swamy S469
  386. Ndejjo R470
  387. Nduaguba SO471
  388. Negoi I472, 473
  389. Negru SM474
  390. Neupane Kandel S475
  391. Nguyen CT476
  392. Nguyen HLT476
  393. Niazi RK477
  394. Nnaji CA478, 479
  395. Noor NM480, 481
  396. Nunezsamudio V482, 483
  397. Nzoputam CI484
  398. Oancea B485
  399. Ochir C486, 487
  400. Odukoya OO488, 489
  401. Ogbo FA490
  402. Olagunju AT491, 492
  403. Olakunde BO493
  404. Omar E494
  405. Omar Bali AO495
  406. Omonisi AEE496, 497
  407. Ong S498, 499
  408. Onwujekwe OE500
  409. Orru H338, 501
  410. Ortegaaltamirano DV502
  411. Otstavnov N464
  412. Otstavnov SS464, 503
  413. Owolabi MO504, 505
  414. P A M506
  415. Padubidri JR291
  416. Pakshir K507
  417. Pana A86, 508
  418. Panagiotakos D509
  419. Pandajonas S335
  420. Pardhan S510
  421. Park EC374, 511
  422. Park EK512
  423. Pashazadeh Kan F513
  424. Patel HK514
  425. Patel JR515, 516
  426. Pati S517, 518
  427. Pattanshetty SM519
  428. Paudel U520, 521
  429. Pereira DM522
  430. Pereira RB523
  431. Perianayagam A524
  432. Pillay JD525
  433. Pirouzpanah S526
  434. Pishgar F201, 527
  435. Podder I528
  436. Postma MJ529, 530
  437. Pourjafar H531, 532
  438. Prashant A533
  439. Preotescu L534, 535
  440. Rabiee M536
  441. Rabiee N537
  442. Radfar A538
  443. Radhakrishnan RA539
  444. Radhakrishnan V540
  445. Rafiee A541
  446. Rahim F542
  447. Rahimzadeh S543
  448. Rahman M544
  449. Rahman MA545, 546
  450. Rahmani AM547
  451. Rajai N548
  452. Rajesh A549
  453. Rakovac I550
  454. Ram P551
  455. Ramezanzadeh K266
  456. Ranabhat K552, 553
  457. Ranasinghe P554
  458. Rao CR555
  459. Rao SJ556
  460. Rawassizadeh R557
  461. Razeghinia MS558, 559
  462. Renzaho AMN560, 561
  463. Rezaei N201, 562
  464. Rezaei N201, 562
  465. Rezapour A43
  466. Roberts TJ564
  467. Rodriguez JAB565
  468. Rohloff P566, 567
  469. Romoli M568
  470. Ronfani L449
  471. Roshandel G569
  472. Rwegerera GM570
  473. Manjula S571
  474. Sabour S24
  475. Saddik B572
  476. Saeed U573, 574
  477. Sahebkar A575, 576
  478. Sahoo H524
  479. Salehi S577
  480. Salem MR578
  481. Salimzadeh H579
  482. Samaei M580
  483. Samy AM581
  484. Sanabria J582, 583
  485. Sankararaman S584, 585
  486. Santricmilicevic MM315, 586
  487. Sardiwalla Y587
  488. Sarveazad A588
  489. Sathian B35, 589
  490. Sawhney M590
  491. Saylan M591
  492. Schneider IJJ592
  493. Sekerija M593, 594
  494. Seylani A595
  495. Shafaat O263, 596
  496. Shaghaghi Z597
  497. Shaikh MA598
  498. Shamsoddin E599, 600
  499. Shannawaz M601
  500. Sharma R602
  501. Sheikh A603, 604
  502. Sheikhbahaei S263
  503. Shetty A605
  504. Shetty JK606
  505. Shetty PH607
  506. Shibuya K608
  507. Shirkoohi R609, 610
  508. Shivakumar KM611
  509. Shivarov V612, 613
  510. Siabani S614, 615
  511. Siddappa Malleshappa SK616
  512. Silva DAS617
  513. Singh JA618, 619
  514. Sintayehu Y620
  515. Skryabin VY621
  516. Skryabina AA622
  517. Soeberg MJ623
  518. Sofimahmudi A599, 624
  519. Sotoudeh H625
  520. Steiropoulos P626
  521. Straif K627, 628
  522. Subedi R629
  523. Sufiyan MB630
  524. Sultan I631, 632
  525. Sultana S633
  526. Sur D634, 635
  527. Szerencses V228
  528. Szocska M636
  529. Tabaresseisdedos R637, 638
  530. Tabuchi T639
  531. Tadbiri H263
  532. Taherkhani A640
  533. Takahashi K623
  534. Talaat IM268, 641
  535. Tan KK642
  536. Tat VY643
  537. Tedla BAA644, 645
  538. Tefera YG646
  539. Tehranibanihashemi A209, 647
  540. Temsah M648
  541. Tesfay FH649, 650
  542. Tessema GA435, 651
  543. Thapar R337
  544. Thavamani A584, 652
  545. Thoguluva Chandrasekar V653
  546. Thomas N654
  547. Tohidinik HR655
  548. Touvier M656, 657
  549. Tovanipalone MR658, 659
  550. Traini E449, 660
  551. Tran BX661
  552. Tran KB662, 663
  553. Tran MTN664, 665
  554. Tripathy JP666
  555. Tusa BS667
  556. Ullah I668, 669
  557. Ullah S127
  558. Umapathi KK670
  559. Unnikrishnan B671
  560. Upadhyay E672
  561. Vacante M129
  562. Vaezi M673, 674
  563. Valadan Tahbaz S675, 676
  564. Velazquez DZ193
  565. Veroux M677
  566. Violante FS678, 679
  567. Vlassov V680
  568. Vo B681
  569. Volovici V682, 683
  570. Vu GT195
  571. Waheed Y21
  572. Wamai RG684, 685
  573. Ward P459, 686
  574. Wen YF687
  575. Westerman R688
  576. Winkler AS689, 690
  577. Yadav L691, 692
  578. Yahyazadeh Jabbari SH675
  579. Yang L693, 694
  580. Yaya S695, 696
  581. Yazie TSY697
  582. Yeshaw Y357, 698
  583. Yonemoto N699, 700
  584. Younis MZ701, 702
  585. Yousefi Z703
  586. Yu C458
  587. Yuce D704
  588. Yunusa I705
  589. Zadnik V706
  590. Zare F707
  591. Zastrozhin MS708, 709
  592. Zastrozhina A710
  593. Zhang J711, 712
  594. Zhong C304
  595. Zhou L713
  596. Zhu C714
  597. Ziapour A614
  598. Zimmermann IR715
  599. Fitzmaurice C1, 716
  600. Murray CJL1, 176
  601. Force LM1, 176, 717
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
  2. 2. Department of Global Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
  3. 3. Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
  4. 4. Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
  5. 5. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Tropical Medicine Department, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
  8. 8. Zoonoses Research Center, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
  9. 9. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, United States
  10. 10. Laboratory Technology Sciences Department, Yasouj University, Yasuj, Iran
  11. 11. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
  12. 12. Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  13. 13. Department of Sociology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria
  14. 14. Department of Midwifery, Karya Husada Institute of Health Sciences, Kediri, Indonesia
  15. 15. Department of Midwifery, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
  16. 16. Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, United States
  17. 17. School of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
  18. 18. Department of Life Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
  19. 19. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
  20. 20. Australian Centre for Public and Population Health Research, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  21. 21. Foundation University Medical College, Foundation University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
  22. 22. Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
  23. 23. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
  24. 24. Department of Epidemiology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  25. 25. School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  26. 26. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Kurdistan Hewler, Erbil, Iraq
  27. 27. Database Technology Department, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
  28. 28. College of Informatics, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
  29. 29. Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology Department, St Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
  30. 30. Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
  31. 31. Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
  32. 32. School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
  33. 33. Department of Public Health, Intercountry Centre for Oral Health for Africa, Jos, Nigeria
  34. 34. Department of Public Health, Federal Ministry of Health, Garki, Nigeria
  35. 35. Geriatric and Long-Term Care Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
  36. 36. Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
  37. 37. Mayo Evidence-Based Practice Center, Mayo Clinic Foundation for Medical Education and Research, Rochester, MN, United States
  38. 38. John T. Milliken Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, United States
  39. 39. Clinical Epidemiology Center, Department of Veterans Affairs, St Louis, MO, United States
  40. 40. Department of Information Systems, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
  41. 41. Pars Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  42. 42. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  43. 43. Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  44. 44. Department of Health Economics, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  45. 45. Department of Health Policy and Management, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
  46. 46. International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding, National University of Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Malaysia
  47. 47. Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
  48. 48. Department of Epidemiology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
  49. 49. Physiotherapy Department, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
  50. 50. College of Dental Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
  51. 51. Faculty of Dentistry, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
  52. 52. College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  53. 53. Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  54. 54. Department of Surgery, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
  55. 55. Research Group in Hospital Management and Health Policies, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla, Colombia
  56. 56. Research Group in Health Economics, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
  57. 57. Department of Population and Behavioural Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
  58. 58. Department of Public Health, Samara University, Samara, Ethiopia
  59. 59. Pharmacy Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
  60. 60. Research Center for Evidence Based Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  61. 61. Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran
  62. 62. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
  63. 63. Clinical Laboratory Department, Ghana Health Service, Kumasi, Ghana
  64. 64. Department of Molecular Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
  65. 65. Department of Parasitology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
  66. 66. Department of Parasitology, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran
  67. 67. School of Community Health, Charles Sturt University, Orange, NSW, Australia
  68. 68. Department of Psychology, Foundation University Islamabad, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
  69. 69. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
  70. 70. Department of Public Health, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
  71. 71. Department of Paediatrics, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  72. 72. University of Malaya Medical Centre, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  73. 73. Public Health and Healthcare Management, Tashkent Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
  74. 74. Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
  75. 75. Allied Health Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Lower Dir, Timergara, Pakistan
  76. 76. Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
  77. 77. Department of Maternal and Child Health, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
  78. 78. Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
  79. 79. Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  80. 80. Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
  81. 81. Institute of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging Technology, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
  82. 82. School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
  83. 83. Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, NSW, Australia
  84. 84. Northumbria HealthCare National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, NHS England, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
  85. 85. School of Business, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
  86. 86. Department of Statistics and Econometrics, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania
  87. 87. Department of Surgery, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
  88. 88. Judith Lumley Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  89. 89. San Martin de Porres University, Lima, Peru
  90. 90. Department of Nursing, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
  91. 91. Department of Neurosurgery, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
  92. 92. Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran, Iran
  93. 93. School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
  94. 94. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
  95. 95. Faculty of Medicine, October 6 University, 6th of October City, Egypt
  96. 96. Department of Forensic Science, Government Institute of Forensic Science, Nagpur, India
  97. 97. Department of Parasitology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
  98. 98. Department of Parasitology, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
  99. 99. Unit of Biochemistry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
  100. 100. Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark
  101. 101. Department of Medical Microbiology, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
  102. 102. Department of Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
  103. 103. Polish Mothers' Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
  104. 104. Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
  105. 105. T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
  106. 106. Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
  107. 107. Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
  108. 108. Department of Public and Environmental Health, University of the Gambia, Brikama, Gambia
  109. 109. Epidemiology and Disease Control Unit, Ministry of Health, Kotu, Gambia
  110. 110. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
  111. 111. Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad, India
  112. 112. University of Tasmania, TAS, Australia
  113. 113. Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
  114. 114. Department of Internal Medicine, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
  115. 115. One Health, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
  116. 116. Department of Forensic Chemistry, Government Institute of Forensic Science, Aurangabad, India
  117. 117. Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Kralova, Czech Republic
  118. 118. Institute of Public Health, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
  119. 119. Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College Pali, Pali, India
  120. 120. Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
  121. 121. School of Public Health, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
  122. 122. Neurovascular Imaging Laboratory, New South Wales Brain Clot Bank, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  123. 123. Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, SouthWest Sydney Local Heath District and Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  124. 124. Department of Statistical and Computational Genomics, National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, India
  125. 125. Department of Statistics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
  126. 126. Department of Anatomy, Manipal University College Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia
  127. 127. Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
  128. 128. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
  129. 129. Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
  130. 130. Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
  131. 131. Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
  132. 132. Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, United States
  133. 133. McGovern Medical School, University of Texas, Houston, United States
  134. 134. School of Physics, Engineering and Computer Science, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom
  135. 135. Institute forWomen's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
  136. 136. Department of Public Health Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
  137. 137. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan City, Kazakhstan
  138. 138. Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States
  139. 139. Cancer Population Sciences Program, University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, United States
  140. 140. Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
  141. 141. Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
  142. 142. Department of Public Health, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
  143. 143. Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
  144. 144. School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
  145. 145. Al Shifa School of Public Health, Al Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
  146. 146. Institute of Microengineering, Federal Polytechnic School of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
  147. 147. Department of Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, United States
  148. 148. Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network, Florence, Italy
  149. 149. National School of Public Health, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
  150. 150. Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
  151. 151. Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
  152. 152. Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  153. 153. School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
  154. 154. Regional Epidemiological Observatory Department, Sicilian Regional Health Authority, Palermo, Italy
  155. 155. Hospitalist Department, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, United States
  156. 156. Department of Public Health, Texila American University, Georgetown, Guyana
  157. 157. Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
  158. 158. Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
  159. 159. Center for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Navi Mumbai, India
  160. 160. Department of Head Neck Surgery, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
  161. 161. Department of Public Health and Health Policy, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
  162. 162. Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
  163. 163. Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, India
  164. 164. Center for Biomedicine and Community Health, VNU International School, Hanoi, Viet Nam
  165. 165. Department of Otolaryngology, Wayne State University, Detroit, United States
  166. 166. Nova Medical School, Nova University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
  167. 167. Department of Public Health, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
  168. 168. Research Line in Environmental Exposures and Health Effects at Population Level, Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable, Santiago, Chile
  169. 169. School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy
  170. 170. Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
  171. 171. Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
  172. 172. School of Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
  173. 173. Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
  174. 174. Department of Nursing, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
  175. 175. Environmental Health Department, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
  176. 176. Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
  177. 177. Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India
  178. 178. India Cancer Research Consortium, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
  179. 179. Department of Information Technology, University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
  180. 180. Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
  181. 181. Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
  182. 182. Department of Public Health, National University of Colombia, Bogota, Colombia
  183. 183. Department of Nursing, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
  184. 184. School of Nursing, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
  185. 185. Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
  186. 186. Department of Community Medicine, Dr Baba Saheb Ambedkar Medical College and Hospital, Delhi, India
  187. 187. Policy Research Institute, Kathmandu, Nepal
  188. 188. Global Institute for Interdisciplinary Studies, Kathmandu, Nepal
  189. 189. Health Research Section, Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal
  190. 190. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
  191. 191. Department of Epidemiology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  192. 192. Center of Complexity Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
  193. 193. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacan, Mexico
  194. 194. Development of Research and Technology Center, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
  195. 195. Center of Excellence in Behavioral Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
  196. 196. School of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
  197. 197. Department of Community Nutrition, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  198. 198. Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  199. 199. Epidemiology and Data Analysis Laboratory, University Center Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo Andre, Brazil
  200. 200. Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  201. 201. Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  202. 202. Liver and Pancreaticobilliary Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  203. 203. Division of Urology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
  204. 204. Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
  205. 205. Direction de L'epidemiologie et la Lutte Contre les Maladies, Ministry of Health, Rabat, Morocco
  206. 206. Neurophysiology Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
  207. 207. Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
  208. 208. Department of Neurology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
  209. 209. Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  210. 210. Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  211. 211. Department of Public Health, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
  212. 212. Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, United States
  213. 213. Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Morocco, Casablanca, Morocco
  214. 214. Department of Internal Medicine, Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY, United States
  215. 215. Department of Health Policy and Administration, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
  216. 216. Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
  217. 217. Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
  218. 218. Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, United States
  219. 219. Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
  220. 220. University Eye Clinic, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
  221. 221. Psychiatry Department, Kaiser Permanente, Fontana, CA, United States
  222. 222. School of Health Sciences, A.T. Still University, Mesa, AZ, United States
  223. 223. Institute of Gerontological Health Services and Nursing Research, Ravensburg-Weingarten University of Applied Sciences, Weingarten, Germany
  224. 224. James Cancer Hospital, Ohio State University, Columbus, United States
  225. 225. Department of Medical Parasitology, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
  226. 226. Faculty of Medicine, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
  227. 227. Department of Dermatology, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
  228. 228. Health Services Management Training Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
  229. 229. Department of Applied Social Sciences, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Targu Mures, Romania
  230. 230. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
  231. 231. Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States
  232. 232. Community Medicine Department, Bayero University, Kano, Kano, Nigeria
  233. 233. Department of Community Medicine, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
  234. 234. Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy
  235. 235. National Health Service, London, United Kingdom
  236. 236. School of Psychology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
  237. 237. Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  238. 238. Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  239. 239. Research Group for Genomic Epidemiology, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
  240. 240. Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  241. 241. Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
  242. 242. Afro-Asian Institute, Lahore, Pakistan
  243. 243. Discipline of Public Health Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
  244. 244. Health, Behavior and Society, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
  245. 245. National Institute for Health Research, Global Health Research Unit on Global Surgery, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
  246. 246. Health Systems and Policy Research, Indian Institute of Public Health, Gandhinagar, India
  247. 247. Department of Genetics, Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari, Iran
  248. 248. Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
  249. 249. Hudson College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States
  250. 250. Department of Health and Social Affairs, Government of the Federated States of Micronesia, Palikir, Federated States of Micronesia
  251. 251. Oncological Network, Prevention and Research Institute, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network, Florence, Italy
  252. 252. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
  253. 253. Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
  254. 254. Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
  255. 255. Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Iraq
  256. 256. Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
  257. 257. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, United States
  258. 258. Department of Paediatrics, National Cancer Institute, Maharagama, Sri Lanka
  259. 259. Department of Public Health, Torrens University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  260. 260. School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
  261. 261. Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  262. 262. Department of Epidemiology and Psychosocial Research, Ramon de la Fuente Muniz National Institute of Psychiatry, Mexico City, Mexico
  263. 263. Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
  264. 264. School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  265. 265. Department of Social and Public Health, Ohio University, Athens, United States
  266. 266. Department of Pharmacology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  267. 267. Obesity Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  268. 268. Clinical Sciences Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
  269. 269. College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
  270. 270. Department of Family and Community Medicine, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
  271. 271. University Institute of Public Health, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
  272. 272. School of Health and Environmental Studies, Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
  273. 273. Research and Scientific Studies Unit, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
  274. 274. Faculty of Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
  275. 275. Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
  276. 276. Research Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
  277. 277. Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network, Barcelona, Spain
  278. 278. Department of Zoology and Entomology, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
  279. 279. Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
  280. 280. Caspian Digestive Disease Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
  281. 281. International Foundation for Dermatology, London, United Kingdom
  282. 282. St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
  283. 283. Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
  284. 284. Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, Xian Jiaotong University, Xian, China
  285. 285. Santa Clara, CA, United States
  286. 286. Community-Oriented Nursing Midwifery Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
  287. 287. Departamento de Salud Oral, Universidad Autonoma de Manizales, Manizales, Colombia
  288. 288. School of Business, London South Bank University, London, United Kingdom
  289. 289. Department of Applied Microbiology, Taiz University, Taiz, Yemen
  290. 290. Department of Microbiology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
  291. 291. Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
  292. 292. Social and Environmental Health Research, Nature Study Society of Bangladesh, Khulna, Bangladesh
  293. 293. Department of Health Promotion and Community Health Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, United States
  294. 294. Department of Population Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  295. 295. Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  296. 296. Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  297. 297. Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam
  298. 298. Department of Computer Science, University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
  299. 299. Internal Medicine Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
  300. 300. Department of Legal Medicine and Bioethics, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
  301. 301. Clinical Legal Medicine Department, National Institute of Legal Medicine Mina Minovici, Bucharest, Romania
  302. 302. College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
  303. 303. Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
  304. 304. Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
  305. 305. Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
  306. 306. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
  307. 307. Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Zakho, Zakho, Iraq
  308. 308. Department of Occupational Safety and Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
  309. 309. Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
  310. 310. Department of Health Promotion and Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
  311. 311. Pharmacoepidemiology Department, Sanofi, Cambridge, MA, United States
  312. 312. Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
  313. 313. Department of Community Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
  314. 314. Department of Community Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
  315. 315. Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
  316. 316. Department of Epidemiology, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
  317. 317. School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
  318. 318. Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahmad Dahlan University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
  319. 319. H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
  320. 320. Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  321. 321. Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
  322. 322. Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  323. 323. Department of Clinical Pharmacy, MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra, Malaysia
  324. 324. Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
  325. 325. Department of Health Services Research, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
  326. 326. Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
  327. 327. Research and Development Unit, Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
  328. 328. Faculty of Medicine, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
  329. 329. Institute of Comparative Economic Studies, Hosei University, Tokyo, Japan
  330. 330. Department of Global Health, Economics and Policy, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
  331. 331. Health Informatic Lab, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
  332. 332. Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College, Mysuru, India
  333. 333. Urology Department, University of Florida, Jacksonville, United States
  334. 334. Department of Community Medicine, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
  335. 335. Department of Ophthalmology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
  336. 336. Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing, China
  337. 337. Department of Community Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India
  338. 338. Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
  339. 339. Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  340. 340. Department of Genetics, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
  341. 341. School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  342. 342. Institute for Prevention of Non-communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
  343. 343. Health Services Management Department, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
  344. 344. Dermatology Department, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
  345. 345. Public Health Division, Society for Education, Action and Research in Community Health, Gadchiroli, India
  346. 346. Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
  347. 347. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Kurdistan Hewler, Hewler, Iraq
  348. 348. Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  349. 349. Sydney Eye Hospital, South Eastern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  350. 350. Institute for Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Munster, Munster, Germany
  351. 351. Department of Adult Health Nursing, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
  352. 352. Medical Research Council, Chief Scientist Office Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
  353. 353. Surgery Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
  354. 354. Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
  355. 355. Department of Surface Engineering, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
  356. 356. Drohobych Ivan Franko State Pedagogical University, Drohobych, Ukraine
  357. 357. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
  358. 358. School of Science and Technology, University of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia
  359. 359. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, New Hospitals LTD, Tbilisi, Georgia
  360. 360. Students Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  361. 361. Department of Public Health, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
  362. 362. Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan
  363. 363. Russian Institute for Advanced Study, Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
  364. 364. Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
  365. 365. Epidemiology Department, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
  366. 366. Department of Population Science, Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
  367. 367. Family Medicine Department, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
  368. 368. Primary Care Department, NHS NorthWest London, London, United Kingdom
  369. 369. Department of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
  370. 370. Institute of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
  371. 371. National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
  372. 372. Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  373. 373. Iranian Academy of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  374. 374. Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
  375. 375. School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Malaysia
  376. 376. School of Health Sciences, Kristiania University College, Oslo, Norway
  377. 377. Department of Global Community Health and Behavioral Sciences, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
  378. 378. Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
  379. 379. Department of Health Economics and Social Security, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
  380. 380. School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
  381. 381. Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
  382. 382. Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology Department, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, United States
  383. 383. Department of Internal and Pulmonary Medicine, Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India
  384. 384. Kasturba Medical College, Udupi, India
  385. 385. Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network, San Juan de Dios Sanitary Park, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
  386. 386. Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Barcelona, Spain
  387. 387. Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
  388. 388. University of Environment and Sustainable Development, Somanya, Ghana
  389. 389. Department of Orthopaedics, Medanta Hospital, Lucknow, India
  390. 390. Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
  391. 391. Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
  392. 392. Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
  393. 393. Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
  394. 394. Department of Community and Family Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
  395. 395. Unit of Genetics and Public Health, Institute of Medical Sciences, Las Tablas, Panama
  396. 396. Ministry of Health, Herrera, Panama
  397. 397. Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
  398. 398. Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning Lab, Gachon University, Seongnam, South Korea
  399. 399. School of Pharmacy, Monash University, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
  400. 400. School of Pharmacy, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
  401. 401. Office of Health Policy and Legislative Affairs, University of Texas, Galveston, United States
  402. 402. Graduate School of Public Health, Ajou University, Suwon-si, South Korea
  403. 403. Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  404. 404. Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam
  405. 405. Department of Medical Oncology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
  406. 406. Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
  407. 407. Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
  408. 408. Department of Quantitative Health Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
  409. 409. Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
  410. 410. School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Portugal
  411. 411. Department of General Surgery, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
  412. 412. Department of Surgery, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
  413. 413. Ophthalmology Department, Ministry of Health and Population, Aswan, Egypt
  414. 414. Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
  415. 415. Mass Communication Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
  416. 416. Department of Ophthalmology, MM Joshi Eye Institute, Hubli, India
  417. 417. Rabigh Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
  418. 418. Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
  419. 419. Indonesian Public Health Association, Surabaya, Indonesia
  420. 420. Department of Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
  421. 421. National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bengaluru, India
  422. 422. Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
  423. 423. Peru Country Office, United Nations Population Fund, Lima, Peru
  424. 424. Forensic Medicine Division, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
  425. 425. Department of Reproductive Health and Population Studies, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
  426. 426. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Menoufia University Faculty of Medicine, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
  427. 427. Clinical Microbiology and Parasitology Unit, Polyclinic “Dr. Zora Profozic”, Zagreb, Croatia
  428. 428. University Centre Varazdin, University North, Varazdin, Croatia
  429. 429. School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
  430. 430. Center for Innovation in Medical Education, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
  431. 431. Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
  432. 432. Department of Propedeutics of Internal Diseases and Arterial Hypertension, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
  433. 433. Woman-Mother-Child Department, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
  434. 434. Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Calverton, MD, United States
  435. 435. School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
  436. 436. Department of Medical Immunology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  437. 437. Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
  438. 438. Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  439. 439. Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  440. 440. Department of Biology, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
  441. 441. Internal Medicine Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  442. 442. Department of Information Technology, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Iraq
  443. 443. Department of Anatomical Sciences, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
  444. 444. Health Systems and Policy Research Unit, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
  445. 445. Department of Health Care Management, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
  446. 446. Oncology Department, Appalachian Regional Healthcare, Hazard, United States
  447. 447. University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States
  448. 448. Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
  449. 449. Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Burlo Garofolo Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Trieste, Italy
  450. 450. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Pabna University of Science and Technology, Pabna, Bangladesh
  451. 451. Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
  452. 452. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
  453. 453. Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
  454. 454. University Hospital Center of Porto, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
  455. 455. Section of Plastic Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, United States
  456. 456. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
  457. 457. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
  458. 458. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
  459. 459. College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
  460. 460. Research and Analytics Department, Initiative for Financing Health and Human Development, Chennai, India
  461. 461. Department of Research and Analytics, Bioinsilico Technologies, Chennai, India
  462. 462. Department of Nephrology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
  463. 463. Department of Education for Clinical Research, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
  464. 464. Laboratory of Public Health Indicators Analysis and Health Digitalization, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russian Federation
  465. 465. Experimental Surgery and Oncology Laboratory, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, Russian Federation
  466. 466. Suraj Eye Institute, Nagpur, India
  467. 467. Department of Pharmacy Practice, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
  468. 468. Discipline of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, University of Science, Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
  469. 469. Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Government Medical College, Mysore, India
  470. 470. Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
  471. 471. Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States
  472. 472. Department of General Surgery, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
  473. 473. Department of General Surgery, Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
  474. 474. Department of Oncology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
  475. 475. Estia Health Blakehurst, Estia Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  476. 476. Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
  477. 477. International Islamic University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
  478. 478. South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
  479. 479. School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
  480. 480. Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London, United Kingdom
  481. 481. Department of Gastroenterology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
  482. 482. Unit of Microbiology and Public Health, Institute of Medical Sciences, Las Tablas, Panama
  483. 483. Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Herrera, Panama
  484. 484. Center of Excellence in Reproductive Health Innovation, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
  485. 485. Administrative and Economic Sciences Department, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
  486. 486. Department of International Cyber Education, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
  487. 487. Advisory Board, Ministry of Health, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
  488. 488. Department of Community Health and Primary Care, University of Lagos, Idi Araba, Nigeria
  489. 489. Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, United States
  490. 490. Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  491. 491. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
  492. 492. Department of Psychiatry, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
  493. 493. Community Prevention and Care Services, National AIDS Control Committee, Abuja, Nigeria
  494. 494. Mass Communication Department, Ajman University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
  495. 495. Diplomacy and Public Relations Department, University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
  496. 496. Department of Anatomic Pathology, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
  497. 497. Department of Anatomic Pathology, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
  498. 498. Noncommunicable Disease Prevention Unit, Ministry of Health, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam
  499. 499. Early Detection and Cancer Prevention Services, Pantai Jerudong Specialist Centre, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam
  500. 500. Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria
  501. 501. Section of Sustainable Health, Umea University, Umea, Sweden
  502. 502. Health Systems Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
  503. 503. Department of Project Management, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation
  504. 504. Department of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
  505. 505. Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
  506. 506. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara Academy of Health Education and Research, Mysore, India
  507. 507. Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  508. 508. Department of Health Metrics, Center for Health Outcomes and Evaluation, Bucharest, Romania
  509. 509. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
  510. 510. Vision and Eye Research Institute, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
  511. 511. Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
  512. 512. Department of Medical Humanities and Social Medicine, Kosin University, Busan, South Korea
  513. 513. Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  514. 514. Department of Internal Medicine, Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
  515. 515. Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston School of Public Health, Dallas, United States
  516. 516. Department of Epidemiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, United States
  517. 517. Centre of Excellence, Khallikote University, Berhampur, India
  518. 518. Research Division, Association for Biodiversity Conservation and Research, Balasore, India
  519. 519. Department of Health Policy, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
  520. 520. Research Section, Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal
  521. 521. Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
  522. 522. Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
  523. 523. Department of Chemistry, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
  524. 524. Department of Development Studies, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
  525. 525. Basic Medical Sciences Department, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
  526. 526. Department of Biochemistry and Dietetics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  527. 527. Urooncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  528. 528. Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Sagore Dutta Hospital, Kolkata, India
  529. 529. University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
  530. 530. School of Economics and Business, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
  531. 531. Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
  532. 532. Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
  533. 533. Department of Biochemistry, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara University, Mysuru, India
  534. 534. National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Bucuresti, Romania
  535. 535. Department of Infectious Diseases, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
  536. 536. Biomedical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
  537. 537. Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
  538. 538. College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, United States
  539. 539. Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
  540. 540. Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute, Chennai, India
  541. 541. Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
  542. 542. Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  543. 543. Department of Natural Science, Middlesex University, London, United Kingdom
  544. 544. Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
  545. 545. School of Nursing and Healthcare Professions, Federation University Australia, Berwick, VIC, Australia
  546. 546. School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  547. 547. Future Technology Research Center, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin, Taiwan
  548. 548. Department of Internal Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
  549. 549. Department of Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States
  550. 550. European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, World Health Organization, Moscow, Russian Federation
  551. 551. Department of Cardiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
  552. 552. Health Emergency Operation Center, Ministry of Health and Population, Kathmandu, Nepal
  553. 553. Central Department of Public Health, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal
  554. 554. Department of Pharmacology, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
  555. 555. Department of Community Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
  556. 556. Department of Oral Pathology, Srinivas Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, India
  557. 557. Department of Computer Science, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
  558. 558. Department of Immunology and Laboratory Sciences, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran
  559. 559. Department of Immunology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
  560. 560. School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
  561. 561. Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
  562. 562. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  563. 563. Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network, Tehran, Iran
  564. 564. Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
  565. 565. Deparment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
  566. 566. Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
  567. 567. Center for Indigenous Health Research, Wuqu' KawoqMaya Health Alliance, Tecpan, Guatemala
  568. 568. Maurizio Bufalini Hospital, Cesena, Italy
  569. 569. Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
  570. 570. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana
  571. 571. Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara University, Mysore, India
  572. 572. Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
  573. 573. Islamabad Diagnostic Center Pakistan, Islamabad, Pakistan
  574. 574. Biological Production Development, National Institute of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
  575. 575. Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  576. 576. Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  577. 577. Department of Radiology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, United States
  578. 578. Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
  579. 579. Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  580. 580. Emergency Department, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
  581. 581. Department of Entomology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
  582. 582. Department of Surgery, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
  583. 583. Department of Nutrition and Preventive Medicine, CaseWestern Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
  584. 584. Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH, United States
  585. 585. Department of Pediatrics, CaseWestern Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
  586. 586. School of Public Health and Health Management, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
  587. 587. Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
  588. 588. Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  589. 589. Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, United Kingdom
  590. 590. Department of Public Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, United States
  591. 591. Bayer, Istanbul, Turkey
  592. 592. Department of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Ararangua, Brazil
  593. 593. Department of Medical Statistics, Epidemiology and Medical Informatics, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
  594. 594. Department of Epidemiology and Prevention of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases, Croatian Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia
  595. 595. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
  596. 596. Department of Radiology and Interventional Neuroradiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  597. 597. Clinical Research Development Unit, Farshchian Heart Center, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
  598. 598. Karachi, Pakistan
  599. 599. Department of Oral Health, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran, Iran
  600. 600. Noncommunicable Diseases Committee, National Institute for Medical Research Developmen, Tehran, Iran
  601. 601. Symbiosis Medical College for Women, Symbiosis International University, Pune, India
  602. 602. University School of Management and Entrepreneurship, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India
  603. 603. Centre for Medical Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
  604. 604. Division of General Internal Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
  605. 605. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India
  606. 606. Department of Biochemistry, Manipal University College Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia
  607. 607. Department of Forensic Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India
  608. 608. University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
  609. 609. Cancer Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  610. 610. Cancer Biology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  611. 611. Public Health Dentistry Department, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad, India
  612. 612. Sofiamed University Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
  613. 613. Department of Genetics, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridiski, Sofia, Bulgaria
  614. 614. Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
  615. 615. School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  616. 616. Department of Hematology-Oncology, Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, MA, United States
  617. 617. Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
  618. 618. School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States
  619. 619. Medicine Service Department of Veterans Affairs, Birmingham, AL, United States
  620. 620. Department of Midwifery, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
  621. 621. Department No. 16, Moscow Research and Practical Centre on Addictions, Moscow, Russian Federation
  622. 622. Therapeutic Department, Balashiha Central Hospital, Balashikha, Russian Federation
  623. 623. Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  624. 624. Cochrane Iran Associate Centre, National Institute for Medical Research Development, Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
  625. 625. Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States
  626. 626. Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
  627. 627. Schiller Institute, Boston College, Boston, MA, United States
  628. 628. Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
  629. 629. Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal
  630. 630. Department of Community Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
  631. 631. King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
  632. 632. University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
  633. 633. Projahnmo Research Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  634. 634. Department of Medical Oncology, Oncology Institute “Prof Dr Ion Chiricuta” Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
  635. 635. Department of Medical Oncology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
  636. 636. Faculty of Health and Public Administration, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
  637. 637. Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
  638. 638. Carlos III Health Institute, Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network, Madrid, Spain
  639. 639. Cancer Control Center, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
  640. 640. Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
  641. 641. Pathology Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
  642. 642. Department of Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
  643. 643. Department of Pathology, University of Texas, Galveston, United States
  644. 644. College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
  645. 645. University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
  646. 646. Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
  647. 647. Department of Community and Family Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  648. 648. Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  649. 649. School of Public Health, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
  650. 650. Southgate Institute for Health and Society, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
  651. 651. School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
  652. 652. Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, CaseWestern Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
  653. 653. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
  654. 654. Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, India
  655. 655. HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, World Health Organization Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
  656. 656. Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team, National Institute for Health and Medical Research Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, Paris, France
  657. 657. Department of Health, Medicine and Human Biology, Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Bobigny, France
  658. 658. Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
  659. 659. Modestum LTD, London, United Kingdom
  660. 660. Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
  661. 661. Department of Health Economics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
  662. 662. Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
  663. 663. Clinical Hematology and Toxicology, Maurice Wilkins Centre, Auckland, New Zealand
  664. 664. School of Public Health and SocialWork, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
  665. 665. Health Informatics Department, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Hanoi Medical University, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
  666. 666. Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, India
  667. 667. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopia
  668. 668. Department of Allied Health Sciences, Iqra National University, Peshawar, Pakistan
  669. 669. Pakistan Council for Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
  670. 670. Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Rush University, Chicago, IL, United States
  671. 671. Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India
  672. 672. Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
  673. 673. Alzahra Teaching Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  674. 674. Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  675. 675. Clinical Cancer Research Center, Milad General Hospital, Tehran, Iran
  676. 676. Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
  677. 677. Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
  678. 678. Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
  679. 679. Occupational Health Unit, Sant'Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
  680. 680. Department of Health Care Administration and Economics, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation
  681. 681. Faculty of Information Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
  682. 682. Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
  683. 683. Center for Experimental Microsurgery, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
  684. 684. Cultures, Societies and Global Studies, Integrated Initiative for Global Health, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
  685. 685. School of Public Health, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
  686. 686. College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
  687. 687. Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Stomatological Hospital (College), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
  688. 688. Competence Center of Mortality-Follow-Up, German National Cohort, Federal Institute for Population Research, Wiesbaden, Germany
  689. 689. Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
  690. 690. Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
  691. 691. Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
  692. 692. Research and Development Division, George Institute for Global Health, New Delhi, India
  693. 693. Alberta Health Services, Calgary, BC, Canada
  694. 694. Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
  695. 695. School of International Development and Global Studies, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
  696. 696. George Institute for Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
  697. 697. Department of Pharmacy, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
  698. 698. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
  699. 699. Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
  700. 700. Department of Public Health, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
  701. 701. Department of Health Policy and Management, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, United States
  702. 702. School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
  703. 703. Department of Environmental Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
  704. 704. Cancer Institute, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
  705. 705. Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Outcomes Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, United States
  706. 706. Epidemiology and Cancer Registry Sector, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
  707. 707. Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
  708. 708. Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, Moscow Research and Practical Centre on Addictions, Moscow, Russian Federation
  709. 709. Addictology Department, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
  710. 710. Pediatrics Department, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
  711. 711. Department of General Practice, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  712. 712. Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  713. 713. Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
  714. 714. Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, United States
  715. 715. Departamento de Saude Coletiva, Brasilia University, Brasilia, Brazil
  716. 716. Division of Hematology, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
  717. 717. Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, United States

Source: JAMA Oncology Published:2022


Abstract

IMPORTANCE The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 (GBD 2019) provided systematic estimates of incidence, morbidity, and mortality to inform local and international efforts toward reducing cancer burden. OBJECTIVE To estimate cancer burden and trends globally for 204 countries and territories and by Sociodemographic Index (SDI) quintiles from 2010 to 2019. EVIDENCE REVIEW The GBD 2019 estimation methods were used to describe cancer incidence, mortality, years lived with disability, years of life lost, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in 2019 and over the past decade. Estimates are also provided by quintiles of the SDI, a composite measure of educational attainment, income per capita, and total fertility rate for those younger than 25 years. Estimates include 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). FINDINGS In 2019, there were an estimated 23.6 million (95% UI, 22.2-24.9 million) new cancer cases (17.2 million when excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) and 10.0 million (95% UI, 9.36-10.6 million) cancer deaths globally, with an estimated 250 million (235-264 million) DALYs due to cancer. Since 2010, these represented a 26.3% (95% UI, 20.3%-32.3%) increase in new cases, a 20.9% (95% UI, 14.2%-27.6%) increase in deaths, and a 16.0% (95% UI, 9.3%-22.8%) increase in DALYs. Among 22 groups of diseases and injuries in the GBD 2019 study, cancer was second only to cardiovascular diseases for the number of deaths, years of life lost, and DALYs globally in 2019. Cancer burden differed across SDI quintiles. The proportion of years lived with disability that contributed to DALYs increased with SDI, ranging from 1.4% (1.1%-1.8%) in the low SDI quintile to 5.7% (4.2%-7.1%) in the high SDI quintile. While the high SDI quintile had the highest number of new cases in 2019, the middle SDI quintile had the highest number of cancer deaths and DALYs. From 2010 to 2019, the largest percentage increase in the numbers of cases and deaths occurred in the low and low-middle SDI quintiles. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The results of this systematic analysis suggest that the global burden of cancer is substantial and growing, with burden differing by SDI. These results provide comprehensive and comparable estimates that can potentially inform efforts toward equitable cancer control around the world. © 2022 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
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