Biosensors for Drug Detection Publisher



Golimalekabadi Z^{1, 2} ; Salarizadeh N^{3, 4} ; Dianatkhah M⁵ ; Amoo M⁶ ; Shabani Shayeh J⁷ Show Affiliations
Source: Advanced Sensor Technology: Biomedical, Environmental, and Construction Applications Published:2022

Abstract

Although drugs enter the body to interact with specific targets such as receptors, DNA, cells, and bacteria, they may have metabolize with nontargeted organs, cells, or receptors. Another challenge is control of the target’s response to drugs and their metabolites. The main key to overcoming these challenges is the concentration control of drugs. There are some conventional methods for monitoring drugs in the human body such as high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography, but with some limitations. Therefore pharmacists are seeking new technologies to help accurate and affordable drug detection. Recently, biosensors with accuracy and selectivity as well as the ability to detect and formulate drugs are being developed to remove these challenges. Biosensors with pharmaceutical applications are divided into five main categories based on their mechanism: electrochemical, photoelectrochemical, optical, mass-based, and microfluidic-based biosensors. In addition, utilizing nanomaterials in biosensors called nanobiosensors has improved the sensing technology in drug monitoring. This chapter will discuss the unique properties of biosensors that meet the requirements of pharmaceutical applications and will focus on different types of biosensors and nanobiosensors utilized in drug detection and pharmaceutical formulations. © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.