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A Novel Titanium Alloy for Load-Bearing Biomedical Implants: Evaluating the Antibacterial and Biocompatibility of Ti536 Produced Via Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing Process Publisher Pubmed



Behjat A1, 2 ; Sanaei S1 ; Mosallanejad MH1, 2 ; Atapour M1 ; Sheikholeslam M3 ; Saboori A2 ; Iuliano L2
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
  2. 2. Integrated Additive Manufacturing Center, Department of Management and Production Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Torino, 10129, Italy
  3. 3. Department of Biomaterials, Tissue Engineering and Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, 81746-73461, Iran

Source: Biomaterials Advances Published:2024


Abstract

Additive manufacturing (AM) of Ti-based biomedical implants is a pivotal research topic because of its ability to produce implants with complicated geometries. Despite desirable mechanical properties and biocompatibility of Ti alloys, one major drawback is their lack of inherent antibacterial properties, increasing the risk of postoperative infections. Hence, this research focuses on the Ti536 (Ti5Al3V6Cu) alloy, developed through Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion (EB-PBF), exploring bio-corrosion, antibacterial features, and cell biocompatibility. The microstructural characterization revealed grain refinement and the formation of Ti2Cu precipitates with different morphologies and sizes in the Ti matrix. Electrochemical tests showed that Cu content minimally influenced the corrosion current density, while it slightly affected the stability, defect density, and chemical composition of the passive film. According to the findings, the Ti536 alloy demonstrated enhanced antibacterial properties without compromising its cell biocompatibility and corrosion behavior, thanks to Ti2Cu precipitates. This can be attributed to both the release of Cu ions and the Ti2Cu precipitates. The current study suggests that the EB-PBF fabricated Ti536 sample is well-suited for use in load-bearing applications within the medical industry. This research also offers an alloy design roadmap for novel biomedical Ti-based alloys with superior biological performance using AM methods. © 2024 The Authors
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