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Mapping Subnational Hiv Mortality in Six Latin American Countries With Incomplete Vital Registration Systems Publisher Pubmed



Cork MA1 ; Henry NJ1, 2 ; Watson S1 ; Croneberger AJ1 ; Baumann M1 ; Letourneau ID1 ; Yang M1 ; Serfes AL1 ; Abbas J3 ; Abbasi N4 ; Abbastabar H5 ; Abreu LG6 ; Abugharbieh E7 ; Achappa B8 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Cork MA1
  2. Henry NJ1, 2
  3. Watson S1
  4. Croneberger AJ1
  5. Baumann M1
  6. Letourneau ID1
  7. Yang M1
  8. Serfes AL1
  9. Abbas J3
  10. Abbasi N4
  11. Abbastabar H5
  12. Abreu LG6
  13. Abugharbieh E7
  14. Achappa B8
  15. Adabi M9
  16. Adal TG10
  17. Adegbosin AE11
  18. Adekanmbi V12
  19. Adetokunboh OO13, 14
  20. Agudelobotero M15
  21. Ahinkorah BO16
  22. Ahmadi K17
  23. Ahmed MB18, 19
  24. Alhassan RK20
  25. Alipour V21, 22
  26. Almasihashiani A23
  27. Alvisguzman N24, 25
  28. Ancuceanu R26
  29. Andrei T27
  30. Anvari D28, 29
  31. Aqeel M30
  32. Arabloo J21
  33. Aremu O31
  34. Asaad M32
  35. Atnafu DD33
  36. Atreya A34
  37. Quintanilla BPA35
  38. Azari S21
  39. B DB36
  40. Baig AA37
  41. Banach M38, 39
  42. Bante SA40
  43. Barboza MA41, 42
  44. Basu S43, 44
  45. Bedi N45, 46
  46. Ramirez DFB47, 48
  47. Bensenor IM49
  48. Beyene FHY40
  49. Bezabih YM50, 51
  50. Bhagavathula AS52, 53
  51. Bhardwaj N54
  52. Bhardwaj P55, 56
  53. Bhattacharyya K57, 58
  54. Bhutta ZA59, 60
  55. Bijani A61
  56. Birlik SM62, 63
  57. Bitew ZW64
  58. Bohlouli S65
  59. Boloor A8
  60. Brunoni AR49, 66
  61. Butt ZA67, 68
  62. Cardenas R69
  63. Carvalho F70
  64. Castaldellimaia JM66
  65. Castanedaorjuela CA71, 72
  66. Charan J73
  67. Chatterjee S74
  68. Chattu VK75
  69. Chattu SK76
  70. Chowdhury MAK77, 78
  71. Christopher DJ79
  72. Chu DT80
  73. Cook AJ1
  74. Cormier NM1
  75. Dahlawi SMA81
  76. Daoud F1
  77. Davilacervantes CA82
  78. Weaver ND1
  79. De La Hoz FP83
  80. Demeke FM84
  81. Denovagutierrez E85
  82. Deribe K86, 87
  83. Deuba K88, 89
  84. Dharmaratne SD1, 90, 91
  85. Dhungana GP92
  86. Diaz D93, 94
  87. Djalalinia S95
  88. Duraes AR96, 97
  89. Eagan AW98, 99
  90. Earl L1
  91. Effiong A100
  92. Zaki MES101
  93. Tantawi ME102
  94. Elayedath R103
  95. Eljaafary SI104
  96. Faraon EJA105
  97. Faro A106
  98. Fattahi N107
  99. Fauk NK108
  100. Fernandes E109
  101. Filip I110, 111
  102. Fischer F112
  103. Foigt NA113
  104. Foroutan M114
  105. Fukumoto T115
  106. Gad MM116, 117
  107. Gebremariam TBB118
  108. Gebremedhin KB119
  109. Gebremeskel GG120, 121
  110. Gesesew HA108, 122
  111. Ghadiri K123, 124
  112. Ghashghaee A21, 125
  113. Gilani SA126
  114. Golechha M127
  115. Gori U128
  116. Goulart AC49, 129
  117. Goulart BNG130
  118. Gugnani HC131, 132
  119. Guimaraes MDC133
  120. Guimaraes RA134
  121. Guo YI135, 136
  122. Gupta R137, 138
  123. Haeuser E1
  124. Haider MR139
  125. Haile TG120
  126. Hajmirzaian A140, 141
  127. Hajmirzaian A140, 141
  128. Hanif A143
  129. Hargono A144
  130. Hariyani N145, 146
  131. Hassanipour S147, 148
  132. Hassankhani H149
  133. Hayat K150, 151
  134. Herteliu C27, 152
  135. Ho HC153
  136. Holla R154
  137. Hosseinzadeh M155, 156
  138. Househ M157
  139. Hwang BF158
  140. Ibeneme CU159, 160
  141. Ibitoye SE161
  142. Ilesanmi OS162, 163
  143. Ilic MD164
  144. Ilic IM165
  145. Iqbal U166
  146. Jahagirdar D1
  147. Jain V167
  148. Jakovljevic M168, 169
  149. Jha RP170, 171
  150. Johnson KB1
  151. Joseph N36
  152. Joukar F147, 148
  153. Kalankesh LR172
  154. Kalhor RL173, 174
  155. Kanchan T175
  156. Matin BK107
  157. Karch A176
  158. Karimi SE177
  159. Kassahun G178
  160. Kayode GA179, 180
  161. Karyani AK107
  162. Keramati M181
  163. Khalid N182
  164. Khan EA183
  165. Khan G184
  166. Khan MNN185, 186
  167. Khatab K187, 188
  168. Kianipour N189
  169. Kim YJ190
  170. Kisa S191
  171. Kisa A192, 193
  172. Kosen S194
  173. Laxminarayana SLK195
  174. Koyanagi A196
  175. Krishan K197
  176. Defo BK198, 199
  177. Kuchenbecker RS130, 200
  178. Kulkarni V36
  179. Kumar N36
  180. Kumar M201, 202
  181. Kurmi OP203, 204
  182. Kusuma D205, 206
  183. Vecchia CL207
  184. Lal DK208
  185. Landires I209
  186. Lasrado S210
  187. Lee PH211
  188. Legrand KE1
  189. Li B212
  190. Li S213
  191. Liu X214
  192. Amin HIM215, 216
  193. Machado DB217, 218
  194. Madi D8
  195. Magisrodriguez C219
  196. Malta DC220
  197. Mansournia MA221
  198. Manzar MD222
  199. Arnedo CAM24, 223
  200. Martinsmelo FR224
  201. Masoumi SZ225
  202. Mayala BK1, 226
  203. Medinasolis CE227
  204. Memish ZA228, 229
  205. Mendoza W230
  206. Menezes RG231
  207. Mestrovic T232, 233
  208. Mirica A234
  209. Moazen B235, 236
  210. Mohammad Y237
  211. Mezerji NMG238
  212. Mohammadianhafshejani A239
  213. Mohammadpourhodki R240
  214. Mohammed S235, 241
  215. Mokdad AH1, 91
  216. Moni MA242
  217. Moradi M107
  218. Moradi Y243
  219. Moradzadeh R23
  220. Moraga P244
  221. Khaneghah AMS245
  222. Mustafa G246, 247
  223. Mwanri L108
  224. Nagaraja R248
  225. Nagarajan AJ249, 250
  226. Naimzada MD251, 252
  227. Nascimento BR253, 254
  228. Naveed DM255
  229. Nayak VC256
  230. Nazari J257
  231. Negash H258
  232. Negoi I259, 260
  233. Nepal S261
  234. Nguefacktsague G262
  235. Nguyen CT263
  236. Nguyen HLT263
  237. Nikbakhsh R141
  238. Noubiap JJ264
  239. Nunezsamudio V265, 266
  240. Oancea B267
  241. Ogbo FA268
  242. Olagunju AT269, 270
  243. Otstavnov N251
  244. A MP271
  245. Padubidri JR256
  246. Pandiperumal SR272
  247. Pardomontano AM273
  248. Patel UK274
  249. Pawar S275
  250. Peprah EK276
  251. Pereira A277, 278
  252. Perkins S1
  253. Pescarini JM279
  254. Pokhrel KN280
  255. Postma MJ281, 282
  256. Pottoo FH283
  257. Prada SI284, 285
  258. Preotescu L286, 287
  259. Pribadi DRA288
  260. Radfar A289
  261. Rahim F290, 291
  262. Rahman MHU292
  263. Rahmani AM155, 293
  264. Ramezanzadeh K294
  265. Rana J295, 296
  266. Ranabhat CL297, 298
  267. Rao SJ299
  268. Rathi P154
  269. Rawaf S300, 301
  270. Rawaf DL302, 303
  271. Rawassizadeh R304
  272. Renjith V305
  273. Rezaei N306, 307
  274. Rezapour A21
  275. Ribeiro AI308
  276. Roever L309
  277. Rubagotti E310
  278. Rumisha SF311, 312
  279. Rwegerera GM313
  280. Sagar R314
  281. Sajadi SM315, 316
  282. Salem MR317
  283. Samy AM318
  284. Sarmientosuarez R319, 320
  285. Sathian B321, 322
  286. Schaeffer LE1
  287. Schneider IJC323
  288. Seidu AA324, 325
  289. Sha F326
  290. Shaikh MA327
  291. Sharafi KM107
  292. Sheikh A328, 329
  293. Shibuya K330
  294. Shin JI331
  295. Silva DAS332
  296. Singh JA333, 334
  297. Skryabin VY335
  298. Skryabina AA336
  299. Sligar A1
  300. Soheili A337
  301. Steuben KM1
  302. Sufiyan MB338
  303. Tadesse EG339
  304. Tesema AKT340
  305. Tesfay FH341, 342
  306. Thapar R36
  307. Thompson RL1
  308. Tovanipalone MR343, 344
  309. Tran BX345
  310. Tsegaye GW346
  311. Umeokonkwo CD347
  312. Unnikrishnan B154
  313. Vasseghian Y155
  314. Violante FS348, 349
  315. Vo B350
  316. Vu GT351
  317. Waheed Y352
  318. Wang YP66
  319. Wang Y353
  320. Ward P108
  321. Welay FT354
  322. Westerman R355
  323. Wickramasinghe ND356
  324. Yaya S357, 358
  325. Yip P359, 360
  326. Yonemoto N361, 362
  327. Yu C363, 364
  328. Yuce D365
  329. Yusefzadeh H366
  330. Zamanian M23
  331. Zastrozhin MS367, 368
  332. Zhang ZJ369
  333. Zhang Y370, 371
  334. Ziapour A372
  335. Hay SI1, 91
  336. Dwyerlindgren L1, 91

Source: BMC Medicine Published:2021


Abstract

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a public health priority in Latin America. While the burden of HIV is historically concentrated in urban areas and high-risk groups, subnational estimates that cover multiple countries and years are missing. This paucity is partially due to incomplete vital registration (VR) systems and statistical challenges related to estimating mortality rates in areas with low numbers of HIV deaths. In this analysis, we address this gap and provide novel estimates of the HIV mortality rate and the number of HIV deaths by age group, sex, and municipality in Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, and Mexico. Methods: We performed an ecological study using VR data ranging from 2000 to 2017, dependent on individual country data availability. We modeled HIV mortality using a Bayesian spatially explicit mixed-effects regression model that incorporates prior information on VR completeness. We calibrated our results to the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Results: All countries displayed over a 40-fold difference in HIV mortality between municipalities with the highest and lowest age-standardized HIV mortality rate in the last year of study for men, and over a 20-fold difference for women. Despite decreases in national HIV mortality in all countries—apart from Ecuador—across the period of study, we found broad variation in relative changes in HIV mortality at the municipality level and increasing relative inequality over time in all countries. In all six countries included in this analysis, 50% or more HIV deaths were concentrated in fewer than 10% of municipalities in the latest year of study. In addition, national age patterns reflected shifts in mortality to older age groups—the median age group among decedents ranged from 30 to 45 years of age at the municipality level in Brazil, Colombia, and Mexico in 2017. Conclusions: Our subnational estimates of HIV mortality revealed significant spatial variation and diverging local trends in HIV mortality over time and by age. This analysis provides a framework for incorporating data and uncertainty from incomplete VR systems and can help guide more geographically precise public health intervention to support HIV-related care and reduce HIV-related deaths. © 2021, The Author(s).
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