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Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors in Child and Adolescent Health, 1990 to 2017: Findings From the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors 2017 Study Publisher Pubmed



Kassebaum NJ1, 123 ; Olsen HE1 ; Ikeda CT1 ; Echko MM1 ; Ballestreros KE1 ; Manguerra H1 ; Martopullo I1 ; Millear A1 ; Shields C1 ; Smith A1 ; Strub B1 ; Abebe M3 ; Abebe Z4 ; Adhena BM5 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Kassebaum NJ1, 123
  2. Olsen HE1
  3. Ikeda CT1
  4. Echko MM1
  5. Ballestreros KE1
  6. Manguerra H1
  7. Martopullo I1
  8. Millear A1
  9. Shields C1
  10. Smith A1
  11. Strub B1
  12. Abebe M3
  13. Abebe Z4
  14. Adhena BM5
  15. Adhikari TB6, 7
  16. Akibu M8
  17. Alraddadi RM9
  18. Alvisguzman N10, 11
  19. Antonio CAT12, 13
  20. Aremu O14
  21. Asgedom SW15
  22. Asseffa NA16
  23. Avilaburgos L17
  24. Barac A18, 19
  25. Barnighausen TW20, 21
  26. Bassat Q22, 23
  27. Bensenor IM24
  28. Bhutta ZA25, 26
  29. Bijani A27
  30. Bililign N28
  31. Cahuanahurtado L17
  32. Malta DC29
  33. Chang JC30
  34. Charlson FJ31, 32
  35. Dharmaratne SD1, 33
  36. Doku DT34, 35
  37. Edessa D36
  38. Elkhatib Z37
  39. Erskine HE31, 38
  40. Ferrari AJ31, 38
  41. Fullman N1
  42. Gupta R39, 40
  43. Hassen HY41, 42
  44. Hay SI1, 2
  45. Ilesanmi OS43
  46. Jacobsen KH44
  47. Kahsay A45
  48. Kasaeian A46, 47
  49. Kassa TD48
  50. Kebede S49
  51. Khader YS50
  52. Khan EA51
  53. Khan MN52, 53
  54. Khang YH54, 55
  55. Khubchandani J56
  56. Kinfu Y57, 58
  57. Kochhar S32, 59
  58. Kokubo Y60
  59. Koyanagi A61
  60. Defo BK62, 63
  61. Lal DK64
  62. Kumsa FA65, 66
  63. Larson HJ1, 67
  64. Leung J68
  65. Mamun AA69
  66. Mehata S70
  67. Melku M71
  68. Mendoza W72
  69. Mezgebe HB73
  70. Miller TR74, 75
  71. Moges NA76
  72. Mohammed S20, 77
  73. Mokdad AH1, 2
  74. Monasta L78
  75. Neupane S79
  76. Nguyen HLT80
  77. Ningrum DNA81, 82
  78. Nirayo YL48
  79. Nong VM80
  80. Ogbo FA83
  81. Olagunju AT84, 85
  82. Olusanya BO86
  83. Olusanya JO86
  84. Patton GC87, 88
  85. Pereira DM89, 90
  86. Pourmalek F91
  87. Qorbani M92
  88. Rafay A93
  89. Rai RK94, 95
  90. Ram U96
  91. Ranabhat CL97
  92. Renzaho AMN98
  93. Rezai MS99
  94. Ronfani L78
  95. Roth GA1, 100
  96. Safiri S101
  97. Sartorius B102
  98. Scott JG31, 103
  99. Shackelford KA1
  100. Sliwa K104
  101. Sreeramareddy C105
  102. Sufiyan MB106
  103. Terkawi AS107, 108
  104. Topormadry R109, 110
  105. Tran BX111
  106. Ukwaja KN112
  107. Uthman OA113
  108. Vollset SE1, 2
  109. Weldegwergs KG48
  110. Werdecker A114, 115
  111. Whiteford HA1, 116
  112. Wijeratne T117, 118
  113. Yonemoto N119
  114. Yotebieng M120, 121
  115. Zuhlke LJ104, 122
  116. Kyu HH1, 2
  117. Naghavi M1, 2
  118. Vos T1, 2
  119. Murray CJL1, 2

Source: JAMA Pediatrics Published:2019


Abstract

Importance: Understanding causes and correlates of health loss among children and adolescents can identify areas of success, stagnation, and emerging threats and thereby facilitate effective improvement strategies. Objective: To estimate mortality and morbidity in children and adolescents from 1990 to 2017 by age and sex in 195 countries and territories. Design, Setting, and Participants: This study examined levels, trends, and spatiotemporal patterns of cause-specific mortality and nonfatal health outcomes using standardized approaches to data processing and statistical analysis. It also describes epidemiologic transitions by evaluating historical associations between disease indicators and the Socio-Demographic Index (SDI), a composite indicator of income, educational attainment, and fertility. Data collected from 1990 to 2017 on children and adolescents from birth through 19 years of age in 195 countries and territories were assessed. Data analysis occurred from January 2018 to August 2018. Exposures: Being under the age of 20 years between 1990 and 2017. Main Outcomes and Measures: Death and disability. All-cause and cause-specific deaths, disability-adjusted life years, years of life lost, and years of life lived with disability. Results: Child and adolescent deaths decreased 51.7% from 13.77 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 13.60-13.93 million) in 1990 to 6.64 million (95% UI, 6.44-6.87 million) in 2017, but in 2017, aggregate disability increased 4.7% to a total of 145 million (95% UI, 107-190 million) years lived with disability globally. Progress was uneven, and inequity increased, with low-SDI and low-middle-SDI locations experiencing 82.2% (95% UI, 81.6%-82.9%) of deaths, up from 70.9% (95% UI, 70.4%-71.4%) in 1990. The leading disaggregated causes of disability-adjusted life years in 2017 in the low-SDI quintile were neonatal disorders, lower respiratory infections, diarrhea, malaria, and congenital birth defects, whereas neonatal disorders, congenital birth defects, headache, dermatitis, and anxiety were highest-ranked in the high-SDI quintile. Conclusions and Relevance: Mortality reductions over this 27-year period mean that children are more likely than ever to reach their 20th birthdays. The concomitant expansion of nonfatal health loss and epidemiological transition in children and adolescents, especially in low-SDI and middle-SDI countries, has the potential to increase already overburdened health systems, will affect the human capital potential of societies, and may influence the trajectory of socioeconomic development. Continued monitoring of child and adolescent health loss is crucial to sustain the progress of the past 27 years. © 2019 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
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