Oncolytic Virotherapy Improves Immunotherapies Targeting Cancer Stemness in Glioblastoma Publisher Pubmed



Keshavarz M¹ ; Dianatmoghadam H^{2, 3} ; Ghorbanhosseini SS⁴ ; Sarshari B⁵ Show Affiliations
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - General Subjects Published:2024

Abstract

Despite advances in cancer therapies, glioblastoma (GBM) remains the most resistant and recurrent tumor in the central nervous system. GBM tumor microenvironment (TME) is a highly dynamic landscape consistent with alteration in tumor infiltration cells, playing a critical role in tumor progression and invasion. In addition, glioma stem cells (GSCs) with self-renewal capability promote tumor recurrence and induce therapy resistance, which all have complicated eradication of GBM with existing therapies. Oncolytic virotherapy is a promising field of therapy that can kill tumor cells in a targeted manner. Manipulated oncolytic viruses (OVs) improve cancer immunotherapy by directly lysis tumor cells, infiltrating antitumor cells, inducing immunogenic cell death, and sensitizing immune-resistant TME to an immune-responsive hot state. Importantly, OVs can target stemness–driven GBM progression. In this review, we will discuss how OVs as a therapeutic option target GBM, especially the GSC subpopulation, and induce immunogenicity to remodel the TME, which subsequently enhances immunotherapies' efficiency. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.