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Silk Fibroin Scaffolds for Common Cartilage Injuries: Possibilities for Future Clinical Applications Publisher



Farokhi M1 ; Mottaghitalab F2 ; Fatahi Y3, 4 ; Saeb MR5, 6, 7 ; Zarrintaj P5, 6, 8 ; Kundu SC9 ; Khademhosseini A10
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. National Cell Bank of Iran, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Departments of Resin and Addidtives, Institute for Color Science and Technolog, P.O.BOX 16765-654, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Advanced Materials Group, Iranian Color Society (ICS), P.O. Box 1591637144, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Color and Polymer Research Center (CPRC), Amirkabir University of Technology, P.O.BOX 15875-4413, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Polymer Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
  9. 9. 3Bs Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, 4805-017 Barco, Guimaraes, Portugal
  10. 10. Department of Bioengineering, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Department of Radiology, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States

Source: European Polymer Journal Published:2019


Abstract

Regenerating chondral and osteochondral injuries is a main challenge in orthopedics. Some therapeutic strategies such as joint preservation operations, non-operative management, palliative surgery, and arthroplasty are the common clinical methods for repairing the cartilage defects. These treatments show often satisfactory as short-term outcomes and without clear long-term prospects. Over the past decade, the development of tissue engineering technologies offers a new therapeutic option to treat patients suffering from chondral lesions. Silk fibroin is a potent and advanced biomaterial for regenerating both soft and hard tissues. Fibroin scaffolds possess superior mechanical strength, suitable bioactivity, elasticity, degradability, and tailorable chemical structure. Due to the important properties as natural biomaterials, the fabrications of various types of scaffolds/matrices for regenerating the tissues like cartilage for regeneration and repairing the defects are possible. This review highlights the investigations on silk-based biomaterials for cartilage tissue engineering. The possibilities for future clinical application of silk fibroin based constructs in repairing intervertebral disk, anterior cruciate ligament, meniscus, and osteochondral defects are evaluated in detail. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd
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