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Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis: Missing Pieces of an Old Puzzle Publisher Pubmed



Rahmanzadeh R1 ; Bruck W3 ; Minagar A4 ; Sahraian MA1, 2
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. MS Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Science, Department of Neurology, Sina Hospital, Tehran, 1136746911, Iran
  2. 2. Iranian Center for Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, 1136746890, Iran
  3. 3. Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center, Gottingen, D-37075, Germany
  4. 4. Department of Neurology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, 71130, LA, United States

Source: Reviews in the Neurosciences Published:2019


Abstract

Traditionally, multiple sclerosis (MS) was considered to be a CD4 T cell-mediated CNS autoimmunity, compatible with experimental autoimmune encephalitis model, which can be characterized by focal lesions in the white matter. However, studies of recent decades revealed several missing pieces of MS puzzle and showed that MS pathogenesis is more complex than the traditional view and may include the following: a primary degenerative process (e.g. oligodendroglial pathology), generalized abnormality of normal-appearing brain tissue, pronounced gray matter pathology, involvement of innate immunity, and CD8 T cells and B cells. Here, we review these findings and discuss their implications in MS pathogenesis. © 2019 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.
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