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In-Situ Fabrication and Biofunctional Evaluation of a Zif-67/Fe₃o₄-Integrated Xanthan Gum–Cellulose Nanocomposite for Antibacterial, Cytocompatibility, and Hemocompatibility Applications Publisher Pubmed



S Niknamfar SAMAN ; E Shapourgan ERFAN ; N Saffariantousi NEDA
Authors

Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules Published:2025


Abstract

Purpose: This study presents the in-situ fabrication and biological evaluation of a ZIF-67/Fe₃O₄-integrated xanthan gum-cellulose (XG-Cell) nanocomposite, designed for biomedical applications that demand strong antibacterial activity, high cytocompatibility, and minimal hemolytic activity. Methodology: The XG-Cell/ZIF-67/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposite was synthesized through a three-step process: (1) crosslinking of xanthan gum and cellulose (XG-Cell), (2) ZIF-67 integration into the hydrogel matrix, and (3) in-situ Fe₃O₄ nanoparticle synthesis. The material was characterized using XRD, FTIR, FESEM, EDX, TGA, and VSM. Biological assessments included cytocompatibility (MTT assay), hemocompatibility (hemolysis assay), and antibacterial efficacy (P. aeruginosa). Findings: The nanocomposite exhibited uniform nanoscale morphology (60–80 nm), superparamagnetic behavior (24.38 emu/g), and high thermal stability. Cytocompatibility tests confirmed over 95 % viability in HEK293T cells, and hemolysis remained below 2 %, meeting ISO 10993-5:1992 standards. The material demonstrated significant antibacterial activity, inhibiting biofilm formation by 75 % compared to polystyrene. Originality: Unlike previous reports that incorporate either ZIF-67 or Fe₃O₄ independently, this study presents a unique nanocomposite that integrates both components within a xanthan gum–cellulose hydrogel matrix via stepwise synthesis. This design enables synergistic enhancement of antibacterial, cytocompatible, and hemocompatible properties, making it a promising candidate for biomedical applications such as wound healing, drug delivery systems, and antibacterial coatings. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
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