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Nanobiomaterials in Periodontal Tissue Engineering Publisher



Razavi M1, 2, 3, 4 ; Salahinejad E5 ; Fahmy M6 ; Nowman A7 ; Jazayeri H7 ; Shah P6 ; Vashaee D8 ; Tayebi P9 ; Tayebi L10, 11
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Helmerich Advanced Technology Research Center, School of Material Science and Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Tulsa, OK, United States
  2. 2. Dental Materials Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  3. 3. BCAST, Institute of Materials and Manufacturing, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, London, United Kingdom
  4. 4. Brunel Institute for Bioengineering, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, London, United Kingdom
  5. 5. Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI, United States
  7. 7. Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, United States
  8. 8. School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
  9. 9. Department of Surgery, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Mazandaran, Iran
  10. 10. Department of Developmental Sciences, Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI, United States
  11. 11. Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

Source: Nanobiomaterials in Hard Tissue Engineering: Applications of Nanobiomaterials Published:2016


Abstract

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of the gums which spreads and affects the supporting tooth structures possibly leading to the loosening and loss of the tooth. Periodontal tissue engineering is considered a relatively new technique for the stimulation of the periodontal tissue formation using the basics of regenerative medicine. In this method, biodegradable porous scaffolds are employed as a temporary substitution of the injured or lost tissues to facilitate the regeneration process. Scaffolds are usually made of natural or synthetic polymers and ceramics doped with various nanobiomaterials for an intended functionalization. The addition of nanoparticles into the scaffold structure not only enhances the biomineralization potential of the composite scaffolds, but also improves their mechanical properties. Nanosized ceramic particles are of special importance as they mimic the mineral crystal structure of the natural tissues. They have been demonstrated to induce a considerable enhancement in the protein absorption and the cell adhesion compared to their micro-sized counterparts. This chapter reviews different nanobiomaterials employed in periodontal tissue engineering for the effective regeneration of lost tissues and discuss their benefits and drawbacks. © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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