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The Role of Her2 Alterations in Clinicopathological and Molecular Characteristics of Breast Cancer and Her2-Targeted Therapies: A Comprehensive Review Publisher Pubmed



Asgarikarchekani S1 ; Aryannejad A2 ; Mousavi SA3 ; Shahsavarhaghighi S4 ; Tavangar SM1, 5
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Pathology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Research Institute for Oncology, Hematology and Cell Therapy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Medical Oncology Published:2022


Abstract

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy in women and one of the leading causes of cancer mortality, despite significant treatment advancements over the last decades. Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) is a member of the ERBB family of receptor tyrosine kinases which have long been known to mediate cancer cell growth and invasion through constitutive activation of oncogenic downstream signaling, such as PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK. Overexpression/amplification of HER2 in various tumors, especially BC, offers the possible therapeutic potential for target therapies. HER2-targeted therapies, either with a combination of chemotherapy or through multi-anti-HER2 therapies without chemotherapy, have significantly improved the prognosis of HER2-positive tumors. In recent years, novel anti-HER2 agents and combination therapies have garnered much attention, especially for heavily treated advanced or metastatic BCs. HER2-positive BC is biologically a heterogeneous group depending on HER2 activation mechanisms, hormone receptor status, genome variations, tumor heterogeneity, and treatment resistance, which affect the treatment benefit and patients’ outcomes. This review will discuss HER2 alternations (gene amplification or receptor overexpression) in BC, their correlation with clinicopathological characteristics and molecular characteristics, and HER2-based therapies in tumors with HER2 overexpression/amplification. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
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