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Epi-Drugs and Epi-Mirs: Moving Beyond Current Cancer Therapies Publisher Pubmed



Salarinia R1, 2 ; Sahebkar A3 ; Peyvandi M4, 5 ; Mirzaei HR6 ; Jaafari MR7 ; Riahi MM1 ; Ebrahimnejad H8 ; Nahand JS1 ; Hadjati J9 ; Asrami MO10 ; Fadaei S11 ; Salehi R12 ; Mirzaei H1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, North khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnourd, Iran
  3. 3. Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  9. 9. Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  10. 10. Department of Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology, Islamic Azad University of Tonekabon, Mazandaran, Iran
  11. 11. Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
  12. 12. Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Source: Current Cancer Drug Targets Published:2016


Abstract

Epigenetic modifications determine phenotypic characteristics in a reversible, stable and genotype-independent manner. Epigenetic modifications mainly encompass CpG island methylation and histone modifications, both being important in the pathogenesis of malignancies. The reversibility of epigenetic phenomenon provides a suitable therapeutic option that is reactivation of epigenetically silenced tumor-suppressor genes. Inhibition of DNA methyltransferase, histone deacetylase and Aurora B kinase, individually or collectively, could feasibly prevent or reverse the impact of epigenetic silencing. MicroRNAs [miRNAs] are an important layer of epigenetic controlling of gene expression, and serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers as well as treatment targets for several types of cancer. miRNAs are involved inepigenetically silencing or activation of genes, tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes, and their modulation opens new horizons for designing novel cancer therapeutic agents. © 2016 Bentham Science Publishers.
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