The Potential Use of Bacteria and Their Derivatives As Delivery Systems for Nanoparticles in the Treatment of Cancer Publisher

Summary: Can bacteria fight cancer? Study finds bacterial ghosts enhance NP delivery for therapy. #CancerTherapy #BacterialDelivery

Ahmadishoar S¹ ; Mones Saeed S² ; Salih Mahdi M³ ; Mohammed Taher W⁴ ; Alwan M⁵ ; Jasem Jawad M⁶ ; Khdyair Hamad A⁷ ; Gandomkar H⁸
Source: Journal of Drug Targeting Published:2025

Abstract

Cancer is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Nanomaterials, unique optical, magnetic, and electrical properties at the nanoscale (1–100 nm), have been engineered to improve drug capacity, bioavailability, and specificity in cancer treatment. These advancements address toxicity and lack of selectivity in conventional therapies, enabling precise targeting of cancer cells, the tumour microenvironment, and the immune system. Among emerging approaches, bacterial treatment shows promise due to its natural ability to target cancer and its diverse therapeutic mechanisms, which nanotechnology can further enhance. Bacteria-based drug delivery systems leverage bacteria’s adaptability and survival strategies within the human body. Bacterial derivatives, such as bacterial ghosts (BGs), bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs), and dietary toxins, are recognised as effective biological nanomaterials capable of carrying nanoparticles (NPs). These systems have attracted increasing attention for their potential in targeted NP delivery for cancer treatment. This study explores the use of various bacteria and their byproducts as NP delivery vehicles, highlighting their potential in treating different types of cancer. By combining the strengths of nanotechnology and bacterial therapy, these innovative approaches aim to revolutionise cancer treatment with improved precision and efficacy. © 2025 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.