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Chitosan-Titanium Dioxide-Glucantime Nanoassemblies Effects on Promastigote and Amastigote of Leishmania Major Publisher Pubmed



Varshosaz J1 ; Arbabi B1 ; Pestehchian N2 ; Saberi S3 ; Delavari M4
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Centre, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  3. 3. Skin Diseases and Leishmaniasis Research Center, Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules Published:2018


Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to design nanoassemblies of chitosan-titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with glucantime for using their synergistic effects and enhancing the toxic effects of glucantime on Leishmania parasites. The nanoassemblies were prepared by electrostatic interactions and optimized by a response surface central composite design. The effects of glucantime, chitosan and TiO2 NPs amounts were studied on the particle size, zeta potential, loading efficiency, and release efficiency of drug from nanoassemblies. The conjugation of TiO2/chitosan-glucantime was verified by UV spectroscopy and changes in surface charge of NPs. The anti-promastigots effect of glucantime loaded in TiO2/chitosan nanoassemblies was studied by tripan blue dye test and their anti-amastigotes effect by counting the average number of parasites per infected J774 macrophages in 100 cells. The optimized formulation obtained by using 12.5 mg glucantime, 25 mg chitosan and 6 mg TiO2 NPs. Although TiO2 NPs alone were effective more than negative control in reduction of promastigots and amastigotes but they didn't show significant difference compared with free glucantime (p > 0.05). However, at the concentration of 50 μg/mL and after 72 h exposure nanoassemblies decreased the proliferation of L. major promastigotes and amastigotes 13 and 4-fold, respectively compared with glucantime alone. © 2017 Elsevier B.V.
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