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Global, Regional, and National Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases for 10 Causes, 1990 to 2015 Publisher Pubmed



Roth GA1 ; Johnson C1 ; Abajobir A2 ; Abdallah F3 ; Abera SF4 ; Abyu G4 ; Ahmed M5 ; Aksut B6 ; Alam T1 ; Alam K7 ; Alla F8 ; Alvisguzman N9 ; Amrock S10 ; Ansari H11 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Roth GA1
  2. Johnson C1
  3. Abajobir A2
  4. Abdallah F3
  5. Abera SF4
  6. Abyu G4
  7. Ahmed M5
  8. Aksut B6
  9. Alam T1
  10. Alam K7
  11. Alla F8
  12. Alvisguzman N9
  13. Amrock S10
  14. Ansari H11
  15. Arnlov J12
  16. Asayesh H13
  17. Atey TM4
  18. Avilaburgos L14
  19. Awasthi A15
  20. Banerjee A16
  21. Barac A17
  22. Barnighausen T18
  23. Barregard L19
  24. Bedi N20
  25. Belay Ketema E4
  26. Bennett D21
  27. Berhe G4
  28. Bhutta Z22
  29. Bitew S23
  30. Carapetis J24
  31. Carrero JJ25
  32. Malta DC26
  33. Castanedaorjuela CA27
  34. Castillorivas J28
  35. Catalalopez F29
  36. Choi JY30
  37. Christensen H31
  38. Cirillo M32
  39. Criqui M34
  40. Cundiff D35
  41. Damasceno A36
  42. Dandona L1, 37
  43. Dandona R1, 37
  44. Davletov K38
  45. Dharmaratne S39
  46. Dorairaj P40
  47. Dubey M41
  48. Ehrenkranz R1
  49. El Sayed Zaki M42
  50. Faraon EJA43
  51. Esteghamati A44
  52. Farid T45
  53. Farvid M18
  54. Feigin V46
  55. Ding EL18
  56. Fowkes G47
  57. Gebrehiwot T5
  58. Gillum R18
  59. Gold A1
  60. Gona P48
  61. Gupta R49
  62. Habtewold TD50
  63. Hafezinejad N44
  64. Hailu T4
  65. Hailu GB4
  66. Hankey G24
  67. Hassen HY51
  68. Abate KH5
  69. Havmoeller R25
  70. Hay SI1, 21
  71. Horino M52
  72. Hotez PJ53
  73. Jacobsen K54
  74. James S55
  75. Javanbakht M56
  76. Jeemon P40
  77. John D57
  78. Jonas J58
  79. Kalkonde Y59
  80. Karimkhani C60
  81. Kasaeian A44
  82. Khader Y61
  83. Khan A45
  84. Khang YH62
  85. Khera S63
  86. Khoja AT64
  87. Khubchandani J65
  88. Kim D66
  89. Kolte D67
  90. Kosen S68
  91. Krohn KJ1
  92. Kumar GA37
  93. Kwan GF69
  94. Lal DK37
  95. Larsson A12
  96. Linn S70
  97. Lopez A7
  98. Lotufo PA71
  99. El Razek HMA42
  100. Malekzadeh R44
  101. Mazidi M72
  102. Meier T73
  103. Meles KG4
  104. Mensah G74
  105. Meretoja A7
  106. Mezgebe H4
  107. Miller T75
  108. Mirrakhimov E76
  109. Mohammed S77
  110. Moran AE78
  111. Musa KI79
  112. Narula J80
  113. Neal B81
  114. Ngalesoni F82
  115. Nguyen G1
  116. Obermeyer CM83
  117. Owolabi M84
  118. Patton G7
  119. Pedro J85
  120. Qato D86
  121. Qorbani M87
  122. Rahimi K21
  123. Rai RK88
  124. Rawaf S89
  125. Ribeiro A26
  126. Safiri S90
  127. Salomon JA18
  128. Santos I71
  129. Santric Milicevic M17
  130. Sartorius B91
  131. Schutte A92
  132. Sepanlou S44
  133. Shaikh MA93
  134. Shin MJ94
  135. Shishehbor M6
  136. Shore H95
  137. Silva DAS96
  138. Sobngwi E97
  139. Stranges S98
  140. Swaminathan S99
  141. Tabaresseisdedos R29
  142. Tadele Atnafu N51
  143. Tesfay F4
  144. Thakur JS100
  145. Thrift A101
  146. Topormadry R102
  147. Truelsen T103
  148. Tyrovolas S104
  149. Ukwaja KN105
  150. Uthman O106
  151. Vasankari T107
  152. Vlassov V108
  153. Vollset SE109
  154. Wakayo T5
  155. Watkins D1
  156. Weintraub R110
  157. Werdecker A111
  158. Westerman R111
  159. Wiysonge CS112
  160. Wolfe C113
  161. Workicho A5
  162. Xu G114
  163. Yano Y115
  164. Yip P116
  165. Yonemoto N117
  166. Younis M118
  167. Yu C119
  168. Vos T1
  169. Naghavi M1
  170. Murray C1
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
  2. 2. University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
  3. 3. Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
  4. 4. Mekelle University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
  5. 5. Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
  6. 6. Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
  7. 7. University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
  8. 8. University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
  9. 9. Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
  10. 10. Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
  11. 11. Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
  12. 12. Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
  13. 13. Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
  14. 14. National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
  15. 15. Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
  16. 16. University College London, London, United Kingdom
  17. 17. University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
  18. 18. Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
  19. 19. University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
  20. 20. College of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
  21. 21. University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
  22. 22. Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
  23. 23. Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
  24. 24. The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
  25. 25. Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
  26. 26. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
  27. 27. Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogota, Colombia
  28. 28. Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social, San Jose, Costa Rica
  29. 29. University of Valencia/INCLIVA Health Research Institute and CIBERSAM, Valencia, Spain
  30. 30. Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
  31. 31. Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
  32. 32. University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
  33. 33. Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
  34. 34. University of California, San Diego, California, United States
  35. 35. Long Beach, California, United States
  36. 36. Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique
  37. 37. Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India
  38. 38. Republican Institute of Cardiology and Internal Diseases, Almaty, Kazakhstan
  39. 39. University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
  40. 40. Centre for Chronic Disease Control, Gurgaon, India
  41. 41. International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
  42. 42. Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
  43. 43. University of Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
  44. 44. Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  45. 45. University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States
  46. 46. Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
  47. 47. University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
  48. 48. University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
  49. 49. Eternal Heart Care Center and Research Institute, Jaipur, India
  50. 50. University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
  51. 51. Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan Teferi, Ethiopia
  52. 52. Nevada Division of Public and Behavioral Health, Carson City, Nevada, United States
  53. 53. Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States
  54. 54. George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, United States
  55. 55. Denver Health/University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado, United States
  56. 56. University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
  57. 57. International Center for Research on Women, New Delhi, India
  58. 58. Ruprecht-Karls Universitaet Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
  59. 59. Society for Education, Action and Research in Community Health, Gadchiroli, India
  60. 60. Case Western University Hospitals, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
  61. 61. Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
  62. 62. Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
  63. 63. New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, United States
  64. 64. Al-Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  65. 65. Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States
  66. 66. Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
  67. 67. Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
  68. 68. Health Policy and Humanities, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Jakarta, Indonesia
  69. 69. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
  70. 70. University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
  71. 71. University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
  72. 72. Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
  73. 73. Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
  74. 74. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
  75. 75. Pacific Institute for Research & Evaluation, Beltsville, Maryland, United States
  76. 76. Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
  77. 77. Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
  78. 78. Columbia University, New York, New York, United States
  79. 79. University of Science Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
  80. 80. The Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York, United States
  81. 81. The George Institute for Global Health, Newtown, New South Wales, Australia
  82. 82. Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
  83. 83. American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
  84. 84. College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
  85. 85. University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
  86. 86. University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
  87. 87. Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
  88. 88. Society for Health and Demographic Surveillance, Birbhum, India
  89. 89. Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
  90. 90. Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
  91. 91. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
  92. 92. North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
  93. 93. Independent Consultant, Islamabad, Pakistan
  94. 94. Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
  95. 95. Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
  96. 96. Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
  97. 97. University of Yaounde, Yaounde, Cameroon
  98. 98. Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
  99. 99. Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
  100. 100. Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
  101. 101. Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
  102. 102. Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
  103. 103. University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
  104. 104. Universitat de Barcelona, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
  105. 105. Federal Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Nigeria
  106. 106. University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
  107. 107. UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
  108. 108. National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation
  109. 109. Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
  110. 110. Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
  111. 111. Federal Institute for Population Research, Wiesbaden, Germany
  112. 112. Cochrane South Africa, Tygerberg, South Africa
  113. 113. King's College London, London, United Kingdom
  114. 114. Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
  115. 115. Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States
  116. 116. University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
  117. 117. Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
  118. 118. Jackson State University, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
  119. 119. Wuhan University, Wuhan, China

Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology Published:2017


Abstract

Background The burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remains unclear in many regions of the world. Objectives The GBD (Global Burden of Disease) 2015 study integrated data on disease incidence, prevalence, and mortality to produce consistent, up-to-date estimates for cardiovascular burden. Methods CVD mortality was estimated from vital registration and verbal autopsy data. CVD prevalence was estimated using modeling software and data from health surveys, prospective cohorts, health system administrative data, and registries. Years lived with disability (YLD) were estimated by multiplying prevalence by disability weights. Years of life lost (YLL) were estimated by multiplying age-specific CVD deaths by a reference life expectancy. A sociodemographic index (SDI) was created for each location based on income per capita, educational attainment, and fertility. Results In 2015, there were an estimated 422.7 million cases of CVD (95% uncertainty interval: 415.53 to 427.87 million cases) and 17.92 million CVD deaths (95% uncertainty interval: 17.59 to 18.28 million CVD deaths). Declines in the age-standardized CVD death rate occurred between 1990 and 2015 in all high-income and some middle-income countries. Ischemic heart disease was the leading cause of CVD health lost globally, as well as in each world region, followed by stroke. As SDI increased beyond 0.25, the highest CVD mortality shifted from women to men. CVD mortality decreased sharply for both sexes in countries with an SDI >0.75. Conclusions CVDs remain a major cause of health loss for all regions of the world. Sociodemographic change over the past 25 years has been associated with dramatic declines in CVD in regions with very high SDI, but only a gradual decrease or no change in most regions. Future updates of the GBD study can be used to guide policymakers who are focused on reducing the overall burden of noncommunicable disease and achieving specific global health targets for CVD. © 2017 The Authors
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